Easy Readings In Old Icelandic
Chapter 1
The Highest God
Gangleri
hóf svá mál sitt: "Hverr er ztr eða
elztr allra goða?" Hár segir: "Sá heitir Allfáðr
at váru máli, en í Ásgarði hinum forna
átti hann tólf náfn." Þá spyrr
Gangleri: "Hvar er sá guð? eða hvat má hann?
eða hvat hefir hann unnit framaverka?" Hár segir: "Lifir
hann of allar aldir, ok stjórnar öllu ríki sínu,
ok ræðr öllum hlutum, stórum ok smám."
Þá mælti Jafnhár: "Hann smíðaði
himin ok jörð ok loptin ok all eign þeirra." Þá
mælti Þriði: "Hitt er mest, er hann gørði
manninn ok gaf honum önd þá, er lifa skal ok aldri týnask,
þótt líkaminn fúni at moldu eða brenni
at ösku; ok skulu allir menn lifa, þeir er rétt eru
siðaðir, ok vera með honum sjálfum, þar sem heitir
Gimli eða Vingólf. En vándir menn fara til Heljar, ok
þaðan í Niflhel; þat er niðr í hinn
níunda heim." Þá mælti Gangleri: "Hvat
hafðisk hann áðr at, en himinn ok jörð væri
gör?" Þá svarar Hár: "Þá
var hann með Hrímþursum."
The following words, occuring
in the above passage, are of constant occurance in Icelandic, and should
be carefully learned at the outset.
at, at, in, to. eða,
or. en, but; than. er, is. er, who, which, that. eru, are. hann, he. hinn,
the, that. hvar, where. hvat, what. í, in, into. með, with.
of, during. ok, and. sá, that (one), he. sem, as. skal, shall.
svá, so, thus. til, to (with gen.). var, was. vera, to be, þá,
then. þá, that (a. s. f.). þar, there. þat, that.
þeir, they.
|
áðr, before |
elztr, oldest |
|
aldir, pl. of öld,
f. age |
fara, to go |
|
aldri, never |
forn, old |
|
Allfáðr,
m. 'All-father' |
frama-verk, n. great
deed |
|
allr, all |
fúni, rot (fúna) |
|
Ásgarðr,
m. the home of the Gods |
gaf, gave (gefa) |
|
átti, had (eiga) |
goð, n. (heathen)
god |
|
brenni, burn (brenna) |
Guð, m. God |
|
eign, f. possession |
görr, made |
|
gørði, made
(gørva) |
rétt, rightly |
|
hafðisk, occupied
himself |
ríki, n. kingdom |
|
(hafa-sk) |
ræðr, rules
(ráða) |
|
hefir, has (hafa) |
segir, says (segja) |
|
heimr, m. world |
siðaðr, behaved |
|
heitir, is called (heita) |
sinn, sín, sitt,
one's own |
|
Hel, f. the goddess
Death |
sjálfr, self |
|
himinn, m. heaven |
skal, pl. skulu, shall |
|
hlutr, m. thing |
smár, small |
|
hóf, began (hefja) |
smíðaði,
made (smíða) |
|
Hrim þurs, m.
frost giant |
spyrr, asks (spyrja) |
|
hverr, who. |
stjórna, to govern |
|
jörð, f. earth |
stórr, great |
|
lifir, lives (lifa) |
svarra, to answer |
|
líkami, m. body |
tólf, twelve |
|
lopt, n. air |
týnask, to perish |
|
má, is able (mega) |
unnit, accomplished
(vinna) |
|
mál, n. speech |
vándr, bad, wicked |
|
mann, acc. s. of maðr,
m. man |
várr, vár,
várt, our |
|
mold, f. mould |
væri, were (vera) |
|
mælti, spoke (mæla) |
þaðan, thence |
|
niðr, down |
þótt (=
þó at), although |
|
Nifl-hel, f. the lower
hell |
ztr, highest |
|
níundi, ninth |
önd, f. spirit |
|
nöfn, pl. of nafn,
n. name |
ösku, d. s. of
aska f. ashes |
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