Hrafnagaldr Odins

                              Odin’s Ravens’ Song

        This very obscure poem has been regarded as a fragment only of a poem,
of which the beginning and end are wanting. With regard to the beginning, the
want may possibly be more apparent than real; the strophes 2-5 being in fact a
sort of introduction, although they do not at first strike us as such, in
consequence of the obscurity of the 1st strophe, which seems very slightly
connected with the following ones, in which the gods and dwarfs are described
as in council, on account of certain warnings and forebodings of their
approaching downfall, or Ragnarök. Another point of difficulty is its title,
there being nothing in the whole poem to connect it with Odin’s ravens, except
the mention of Hugr (Hugin) in the 3rd strophe. Erik Halson, a learned
Icelander, after having spent or wasted ten years in an attempt to explain this
poem, confessed that he understood little or nothing of it. In its mythology,
too, we find parts assigned to some of the personages, of which no traces occur
in either Sæmunds’ or Snorri’s Edda; though we are hardly justified in
pronouncing it, with more than one scholar of eminence, a fabrication of later
times.

1. Alfather works,
the Alfar discern,
the Vanir know,
the Nornir indicate,
the Ividia brings forth,
men endure,
the Thursar await,
the Valkyriur long.

2. The forebodings the Æsir
suspected to be evil;
treacherous Vættar had
the runes confounded.
Urd was enjoined
to gaurd Odhroerir,
powerfully to protect it
against the increasing multitude.

3. Hug then goes forth,
explores the heavens,
the powers fear
disaster from delay.
‘Twas Thrain’s belief
that the dream was ominous;
Dain’s thought that
the dream was dark.

4. Among the dwarfs
virtue decays;
worlds sink down
to Ginnung’s abyss.
Oft will Asvid
strike them down,
oft the fallen
again collect.

5. Stand no longer shall
earth or sun.
The stream of air
with corruption laden
shall not cease.
Hidden is in Mim’s
limpid well
men’s certain knowledge.
Understand ye yet, or what?

************************

6. In the dales dwells
the prescient Dis,
from Yggdrasil’s
ash sunk down,
of alfen race,
Idun by name,
the youngest of Ivaldi’s
elder children.

7. She ill brooked
her descent,
under the hoar tree’s
trunk confined.
She wuld not happy be
with Nörvi’s daughter,
accustomed to a pleasanter
abode at home.

8. The triumphant gods saw
Nanna sorrowing
in earth’s deep sanctuaries;
a wolf’s skin they gave her,
in which herself she clad,
changed her feelings,
practised guile,
alter’d her aspect.

9. Vidrir selected
Bifröst´s gaurdian,
of the Giöll-sun’s
keeper to inquire
all that she knew
of every world;
Bragi and Lopt
should witness bear.

10. Magic songs they sung,
rode on wolves
the god and gods.
At the heavenly house,
Odin listened,
in Hlidskjalf;
let them go forth
on their long way.

11. The wise god asked
the cupbearer
of the gods’ progeny
and their associates,
whether of heaven, or Hel,
or earth, she knew
the origin, duration,
or dissolution?

12. She spoke not,
she could no words
to the anxious gods
bring forth,
nor a sound uttered;
tears flowed from the head’s orbs;
with pain repressed
they flow anew.

13. As from the east,
from Elivagar,
the thorn is impelled by
the ice-cold Thurs,
wherewith Dain
all people strikes
over the fair mid-earth;

14. when every faculty is lulled,
the hands sink,
totters with drowsiness
the bright, sword-girt As;
drives away the current
the giantess’s blandishment
of the mind’s agitations
of all people,

15. so to the gods appeared
Jorun to be affected,
with sorrows swollen,
when they no answer got;
they strove the more
the greater the repulse;
still less than they had hoped
did their words prevail.

16. When the leader
of the inquiring travellers,
the gaurdian of Herian’s
loud-sounding horn
took the son of Nal
for his companion,
Grimnir’s skald
at the place kept watch.

17. Vingolf reached
Vidur’s ministers,
both borne
by Forniots kin.
They entered,
and the Æsir
forthwith saluted,
at Ygg’s convivial meeting.

18. Hangatyr they hailed,
of Æsir the most blissful;
potent drink in the high seat
they wished him to enjoy,
and the gods to sit
happy at the feast,
ever with Yggiung
pleasure to share.

19. On benches seated,
at Bölverk’s bidding,
the company of gods
were with Sæhrimnir sated.
Skögul at the tables,
from Hnikar´s vessel,
measured out mead,
in Mimir´s horns.

20. Of many thing inquired,
when the meal was over,
the high gods of Heimdall,
the goddesses of Loki, -
whether the maid had uttered
divinations or wise words?-
From noon
until twilight’s advent.

21. Ill they showed
it had fallen out,
their errand bootless,
little to glory in.
A lack of counsel
seemed likely,
how from the maiden they
might an answer get.

22. Omi answered;
“Night is the time
for new counsels;
till the morrow let reflect
each one competent
to give advice
helpful to the Æsir.”

23. Ran along the ways
of mother Rind,
the desired repast
of Fenrisulf.
Went from the guild,
bade the gods farewell
Hropt and Frigg,
as, before Hrimfaxi,

24. the son of Delling
urged on his horse
adorned with
precious jewels.
Over Mannheim shines
the horse’s mane,
the steed Dvalin’s deluder
drew in his chariot.

25. In the north boundary
of the spacious earth,
under the outmost root
of the noble tree,
went to their couches
Gygiar and Thursar,
spectres, dwarfs,
and Murk Alfs.

26. The powers rose,
the Alfs’ illuminator
northwards towards Niflheim
chased the night.
Up Argjöll ran
Ulfrun´s son,
the mighty hornblower,
of heaven´s heights.



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