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Trúlög


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“Now, when the feast was over each one returned to his home in good friendship and with seemly gifts.” (Laxdaela Saga, c.9)

“That summer Kari and Njal's sons busked them for Iceland, and when they were "all-boun" they went to see the earl. The earl gave them good gifts, and they parted with great friendship.” (Njal's Saga, c.89)

“Thorkel gave Flosi good gifts at parting.” (Njal's Saga, c.133)

“When Yule-tide was past, Thorfinn made ready for his homeward journey and dismissed his many guests with gifts.” (GS, c.20)

“In the autumn Arnkel held a great feast. On such occasions, he would invite his friend Ulfar and always gave him parting gifts when he left.” (ES, c.32)

“So becomes it a youth to quit him well
with his father's friends, by fee and gift,
that to aid him, aged, in after days,
come warriors willing, should war draw nigh,
liegemen loyal: by lauded deeds
shall an earl have honor in every clan.” (Beowulf, prelude)

“One of his friends was a great viking called Hrosskel. On one occasion King Gautrek invited him to a feast, and when it was over, he gave Hrosskel some excellent parting gifts: a grey stallion and four mares, silk-pale and splendid. Hrosskel thanked the king for the presents, and they parted the best of friends.” (GA, c.8)

“They two then drank together for the evening, and were right merry. The banquet was of the best, on that day and on the morrow. Then the rovers went to their ships, they and the earl parting in friendship with exchange of gifts.” (Egils Saga, c.48)

Generosity and hospitality naturally flowed from this attitude of shared, common wealth. Of hospitality, the praises are many in our lore.


25. …Curse not thy guest,                nor show him thy gate,
Deal well with a man in want. (Loddfafnismal 25)

4. Fire he needs             who with frozen knees
Has come from the cold without;
Food and clothes             must the farer have,
The man from the mountains come.
5. Water and towels             and welcoming speech
Should he find who comes to the feast;
If renown he would get, and again be greeted,
Wisely and well must he act. (Havamal 4-5)
The Sagas illustrate these points as well:

“Sigurd the earl was an open-handed man, who did what was very much celebrated; namely, he made a great sacrifice festival at Hlader of which he paid all the expenses.” (The Saga of Hakon the Good, c.16)

King Hring was a wise and popular man; generous with his wealth and the greatest of warriors. They (King Hring and Queen Sigrid) had a son named Sigurd. He was the most handsome of all men and best equipped for great achievements; cheerful with his friends, liberal with wealth, but fierce to his foes.” (The Saga of Illugi . c. 1)

“Thorgils next asked how far Helgi took kindly to unknown people coming to see him, such as were in great need of help. He replied, 'In that matter, if truth is told, only good can be said of Helgi, for he is the most large-hearted of men, not only in giving harbour to comers, but also in all his high conduct otherwise.'” (Laxdaela Saga, c.62)

“To refuse admitting under your roof any man whatsoever, is held wicked and inhuman. Every man receives every comer, and treats him with repasts as large as his ability can possibly furnish. When the whole stock is consumed, he who had treated so hospitably guides and accompanies his guest to a new scene of hospitality; and both proceed to the next house, though neither of them invited. Nor avails it, that they were not: they are there received, with the same frankness and humanity. Between a stranger and an acquaintance, in dispensing the rules and benefits of hospitality, no difference is made. Upon your departure, if you ask anything, it is the custom to grant it; and with the same facility, they ask of you.” (G, c.21)

“She soon began to show great hospitality, and became very popular. She was very small but uncommonly handsome, very shrewd, ruthless, and altogether a most notable woman.” (FS, c.10)

“Then he told them they were welcome to stay the night if they wanted to, so they accepted his offer. The old man showed them to the living room, and very few people were to be seen there. The woman of the house was getting on in years, but there was an attractive young daughter. The girl pulled off their wet clothes and gave them dry things instead, then brought a basin so they could wash their hands. The table was laid, and the young woman served them with excellent ale.” (HE, c.7)

Anything less than treating the stranger as a possible, wandering member of the Elder Kindred was considered the highest of faults, nearly unthinkable by some standards.

Courtesy went hand and hand with hospitality. Rude behavior was considered to the be the sign of a low-born person and worthy of no praise.

“Melkorka now set up household there, and Hoskuld had everything brought there that she needed; and Olaf, their son, went with her. It was soon seen that Olaf, as he grew up, was far superior to other men, both on account of his beauty and courtesy.” (Laxdaela Saga, c.13)

“Olaf greeted the king well, taking off his helmet and bowing to the king, who welcomes Olaf with all fondness.” (Laxdaela Saga, c.21)

“The lad spoke: 'Next to him sat a man in a gilded saddle; he had on a scarlet kirtle, and a gold ring on his arm, and a gold embroidered fillet was tied round his head. This man had yellow hair, waving down over his shoulders; he was fair of hue, with a knot on his nose, which was somewhat turned up at the tip, with very fine eyes -- blue-eyed and swift-eyed, and with a glance somewhat restless, broad-browed and full-cheeked; he had his hair cut across his forehead. He was well grown as to breadth of shoulders and depth of chest. He had very beautiful hands, and strong-looking arms. All his bearing was courteous, and, in a word, I have never seen a man so altogether doughty-looking. He was a young-looking man too, for his lips had grown no beard, but it seemed to me he was aged by grief.'" (Laxdaela Saga, c.63)

“He had an only daughter, named Unna. She was a fair, courteous, and gifted woman, and that was thought the best match in all the Rangrivervales.” (Njal's Saga, c.1)

“Gunnar Hamond's son dwelt at Lithend, in the Fleetlithe. He was a tall man in growth, and a strong man -- best skilled in arms of all men. He could cut or thrust or shoot if he chose as well with his left as with his right hand, and he smote so swiftly with his sword, that three seemed to flash through the air at once. He was the best shot with the bow of all men, and never missed his mark. He could leap more than his own height, with all his war-gear, and as far backwards as forwards. He could swim like a seal, and there was no game in which it was any good for any one to strive with him; and so it has been said that no man was his match. He was handsome of feature, and fair skinned. His nose was straight, and a little turned up at the end. He was blue-eyed and bright-eyed, and ruddy-cheeked. His hair thick, and of good hue, and hanging down in comely curls. The most courteous of men was he, of sturdy frame and strong will, bountiful and gentle, a fast friend, but hard to please when making them. He was wealthy in goods.” (Njal's Saga, c.19)

“He said he would be willing to take both that honour and any other good offer which he might make. So the end of the matter was, that Hauskuld fared home with Njal as his foster-son.
He suffered no harm to come nigh the lad, and loved him much. Njal's sons took him about with them, and did him honour in every way. And so things go on till Hauskuld is full grown. He was both tall and strong; the fairest of men to look on, and well haired; blithe of speech, bountiful, well behaved; as well trained to arms as the best; fairspoken to all men, and much beloved.” (Njal's Saga, c.93)

“Thus made their mourning the men of Geatland,
for their hero's passing his hearth-companions:
quoth that of all the kings of earth,
of men he was mildest and most beloved,
to his kin the kindest, keenest for praise.” (Beowulf 43)

“Now for this cause was the drake drawn on all his weapons, that when he was seen of men, all folk might know who went there; yea, all those who had heard of his slaying of that great dragon, that the Voerings call Fafnir, and for that cause are his weapons gold-wrought, and brown of hue, and that he was by far above other men in courtesy and goodly manners, and well-nigh in all things else; and whenas folk tell of all the mightiest champions, and the noblest chiefs, then ever is he named the foremost, and his name goes wide about on all tongues north of the sea of the Greek-lands, and even so shall it be while the world endures.” (VS, c.22)

“Says the woman, 'Many have heard tell of thy beauty, thy wisdom, and thy courtesy; some king's son abides thee, then.'" (VS, c.25)





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