á-burðr, m. (1) charge; (2) salve, ointment; (3) pomp or bravery in dress (cf. 'berast mikit á').
á-búð, f. (1) tenancy; ef land spillist í ábúð hans, during his tenancy; (2) duties of a tenant.
ábúðar-maðr, m. an inhabitant 
-skylda, f. duties of a tenant.
á-búnaðr, m. tenancy (=ábúð). 
á-byrgð, f. responsibility; vera í á um e-t, to be responsible for; vera ór á. um e-t, to be exempt from responsibility in a case; hafa mikit í á., have much at stake; e-t er í ábyrgðum við mik, I am responsible for it. 
ábyrgðar-fullr, a. full of responsibility, responsible; 
-hlutr, m. an object, matter involving risk, a responsibility; 
-lauss, a. irresponsible, free from risk;
-lítill, a. involving little risk;
-ráð, n. responisible step.
-samligr, a. momentous, very important.
á-byrgja (-ða, -ðr), v. to make one answerable for, (á e-m e-t or e-t á hendi e-m); refl., ábyrgjast e-t, to answer for, warrant.
á-bœli, n. tenancy, farm,= ábúð.
áðan, adv. (1) before (löngu á.); (2) a little while ago (Kolr fór frá,seli á.).
áðr, adv. (1) already (ek hef áðr ráðit brullaup Mitt); (2) before, heretofore; litlu (löngu) á., a little while (long) before ; (3) = áðr en, previous to the time when, before, ere; þeir höfðu skamma hríð setið á. þar kom Gunnhildr, they had sat but a short while before G. came; dóu margir á. þeir kœmi til fyrirheitsjarðar, before they came to the land of promise . (4) until, till (þat var svipstund ein á. stofan brann) ; (5) sem á., nevertheless, for all that (hón bað hann þat eigi gera, en hann tekr hana sem á.). 
áðreifing, f. sprinkling upon.
áðr-nefndr, pp. before mentioned.
á-drykkja, f. the act of drinking to; sitja fyri ádrykkju e-s, to sit over against one as his drinking-mate (regarded as a mark of honor).
á-drykkr, m. a wave dashing over a ship.
á-eggja (að), v. to egg or urge on, to exhort (á e-m).
á-eggjan, f. egging on, instigation. 
áeggjanar-fífl, n. a fool or tool egged on by another, (hafa e-n at -fífli); 
-grejnir, f. pl. exhortations; 
-óp, n. encouraging shout. 
á-eggjari, m. instigator (áeggjari glœpa).
áfa, f. disturbance, quarrel, strife.
á-fall, n. (1) heavy sea (dashing over a ship); (2) law term, imposition of a fine (á. sektar) ; (3) = áfelli, calamity, visitation.
áfalls-dómr, m. sentence of condemnation or punishment. 
á-fang, n. (1) laying hands upon, rough handling (varð hann fyrir miklu spotti ok ifangi) ; (2) mulct, fine, incurred by illegal seizure of another man's goods; sex aura á., a fine of six ounces.
á-fangi, m. = áfang 2. 
á-fangr, m. ; see ái-vangr. 
á-fastr, a. fastened to, joined to. 
á-fátt, a. n. defective faulty. 
á-felli, n. calamity; standa undir áfelli, to be under great hardship; hvert á. jarl hafði veitt honum, what penalties the earl had laid on him. 
áfellis-dómr, m. condemnation. 
á-fenginn, pp., -fengr, a. intoxicating, (á. mjöðr, drykkr).
á-flog, n. pl. brawl fighting. 
á-form, n. arrangement. 
á-forma (að), v. to arrange about a thing (um e-t).
á-fram, adv. forwvard, onward; féll hann á., on the face; komst aldri lengra á. fyrir honum um skáldskapinn, he never got any further in his verse making; héldu þeir á leiðina, they held forward on their way.
á-frá, prep. From, = frá (á þeim degi).
á-frýja, v.= frýja á e-n.
á-frýja, f. reproach, rebuke.
á-fýsi, f. gratification, satisfaction (oss er engi á. at.)
á-fœra (-ða, -ðr), v. to reproach.
á-ganga, f.= ágangr (veita e-m ágöngu).
á-gangr, m. molestation, annoyance, assault, aggression.

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ágang-samr, a. agressive. 
ágangs-maðr, m. an aggressor (við mína ágangsmenn).
á-gauð, f. barking (at one) ; abusive language; veita e-m mikla ágauð, to abuse grossly.
á-gengiligr, a. acceptable, agreeable. 
á-gengt, a. n., e-m verðr ágengt, one is exposed to ágangr. 
á-gildi, n. value of a ewe (ær). 
á-gildr, a. of a ewe's value. 
á-girnast (d), v. refl. to covet, lust after (ágirnast e-t - girnast á e-t) ; 
ágirnd, f. (1) ardent desire, ambition; (2) cupidity, avarice (hann hafði dregit undir sik Finnskattinn með ágirnd).
ágirndar-bil, n., -eldr, -logl, m. .flame of ambition or cupidity; 
-löstr, m. vice (passion) of avarice. 
á-girni, f. (1) ambition; (2) greed, cupidity.
á-girnis-fullr, a. avaricious, selfish. 
á-gjarn, a. (1) ambitious (á. ok fégjarn) ; á. til fjár, covetous; (2) impetuous, eager (kappar ágjarnir ok óhræddir).
ágjarn-liga, adv. (1) eagerly, vehemently ; (2) with greed or cupidity ; 
-ligr, a. proceeding from cupidity or avarice (-lig ran). 
ágóða-hlútr, m. profitable share. 
á-góði, m. gain, profit, benefit. 
á-grip, n., in the phrase, litill ágripum, small of size. 
ágæta (-tta, -ttr), v. to praise or commend highly.
ágeata-, gen. pl. from 'ágæta', is prefixed to many words to express something capital, excellent; 
-góðr, a. excellent; 
-gripr, m. capital thing; 
-naut, n. fine ox; 
-skjótr, a. very swift ; 
-vel, adv. excellently well.
ágæti, n. glory, fame, renown, excellence; in pl., glorious deeds (mikil ágæti vóru sógð af Gunnari); gera e-t at ágætum, to praise highly. 
ágætingr, m.= ágætismaðr, ágætr maðr.
ágætis-, gen. from 'ágæti', prefixed to a great many words with the same meaning as 'ágæta-'; 
-gripr, m.= agæta-gripr; 
-læknir, m. excellent physician ; 
-maðr, m. excellent man ; 
-verk, n. master-piece; used as an adv. highly, extremely (húsfrú ágætis siðsöm).
ágæt-liga, adv. capitally; 
-ligr, a. excellent, goodly.
ágætr, a. famous, excellent; ágaetr höfþingi, excellent chief; ágætir gimsteinar, noble gems.
á-gørð, f. gain, profit (= ávöxtr).
á-hald, n. (1) laying hold of, esp. in pl., fighting, brawl; verða áhöld með mönnum, they come to a tussle; (2) possession ; veita e-u áhald or áhöld, to take possession of; (3) hafa áhöld við e-m um e-t, to be equal to (match for) one in a thing.
á-hankast (að), v. refl. to become entangled.
á-heit, n. invocation, vow. 
á-henda (-nda, -ndr), v. to lay hands upon, seize; 
á-hendr, pp. within reach ; þau urðu áhend, they were seized.
á-heyrandi, pr. p. within hearing, listening; at öllum boðsmönnum áheyröndum, in the hearing (presence) of all the guests.
á-heyriligr, a. worth hearing, well sounding; 
á-heyris, adv. within hearing, in one's hearing; 
á-heyrsi, á-heyrasli, a. indecl., verða e-s á., to get to know by hearing. 
á-hlaup, n. (1) onset, attack, incursion ; gera e-t með áhlaupum, to do a thing, impetuously ; (2) leaping, covering (of animals).
á-hlaups-maðr, m. an impetuous person.
á-hlekking, f. (1) stumbling block (drepa fótum í áhlekkingar) ; (2) error, slip; (3) adversity; 
á-hleypinn , a. impetuous, vehement; 
á-hlýðást (dd), v. refl. to give ear to, listen to (á. ummæli e-s) ; á. við e-n, to agree with ; 
á-hlýðinn, a. giving a willing ear, listening readily (á. um e-t, til e-s) ; ekki; á., obstinate, self-willed.
áhrins-orð, n. pl. words (spells) that come true (verða at -orðum). 
áhuga-fullr, n. pl. full of care; 
-litill, a. slow ; 
-maðr. a. eager, aspiring

32

man; 
-mikill, a. eager, vigorous; . 
-samt, a. n., e-m er -samt, one is concerned (about something) ; 
-verðr, a. causing concern, serious. 
á-hugi, m. (1) intention, mind; e-m er e-t í áhuga, one intends to do a thing; (2) eagerness (ekki skortir ykkr áhuga) ; (3) mind, opinion (eigi er því at leyna, hverr minn á. er um þetta) ; (4) care, solicitude, áhyggja; (5) devotion; biðja þeir goðin með miklum áhuga, fervently.
á-hyggja, f. care, concern, anxiety bera áhyggju fyrir e-m, to be concerned about; fær þat honum mikillar áhyggju ok reiði, it causes him much concern and anger.
áhyggjast (að), v. refl., á. e-t or um e-t, to be concerned about, take care or thought for.
áhyggju-fenginn, -fullr, a. anxious, concerned; 
-lauss, a. unconcerned ; 
-mikill, a. very anxious; e-m gerist mikit, one grows very anxious; 
-samliga, adv. gravely, anxiously; 
-samligr, a. anxious-looking; 
-samr, a. anxious, careful;
-svipr, m.-yfirbragð, n. grave, anxious look.
áhöfn, f. (1) freight or loading of a ship ; (2) luggage.
á-högg, n. slaughter of a ewe (ær). 
ái, m. great-grandfather. 
ái-fangi, ái-fangr, m. resting-place (for horses to rest and graze) 
-fóðr, n. fodder for horses at a resting-place; 
-vangr, m. = ái-fangr (cf.'æja', to bait, and.'vangr', field). 
ákafa-maðr, m. an eager, impetuous man (-maðr um e-t). 
ákafast (að), v. refl., to be vehement, eager ; á., á e-t, to busy oneself eagerly with a thing.
ákafi, m. eagerness, vehemence; með ákafa miklum, vehemently; í ákafa , eagerly, impetuously; the gen. 'ákafa' is prefixed to a great many adjectives and to some substantives, in the sense of in a high degree, very ; ákafa fagr, very beautiful; ákafa reiðr, very angry, furious; ákafa drífa, a heavy snow-drift.
ákaf-leikr, m. eagerness, vehemence;
-liga, adv. (1) vehemently, impetuously; fara ákafliga, to rush on; biðja -liga, to pray ferevently; (2) very, exceedingly (-liga reiðr); 
-ligr, a. vehement, hot (ákafligr bardagi, -lig reiði);
-lyndi, n. a hot, impetuous temper;
-lyndr, n. hot-tempered, impetuous.
ákafr, a. vehement, fierce (á. bardagi) ; þenna dag var veizlan allra áköfust, at the highest pitch ; neut. as adv., kalla ákaft á Bárð, to pray to B. fervently; ríða sem ákafast, to ride at a furious pace.
á-kall, n. (1) calling upon, invocation (á. á nafn guðs) ; (2) clamour, shouting; (3) claim, demand (á. til e-s, to a thing).
ákalls-lauss, a. free from all claims or demands.
á-kals, n. an inportunate, urgent request (cf. kalls).
á-kast, n. (1) throwing upon, casting at; (2) fig., assault (á. óhreins anda) ; (3) pl. taunts ; 
á-kastan, f. casting upion ; 
ákasta-samr, a. taunting. 
á-kefð, f. = ákati (vægiliga en eigi með ákefð).
á-kefðarorð, n. pl. passionate or violent words.
á-kenning, f. (1) smack, savour (hafa á. e-s or af e-u) ; (2) slight reprimand (gera e-m á.); 
á-kenningr, m. = ákenning.
á-keypi, n. right of pre-emption.
á-klagan, f. accusation, charge. 
ál-klæði, n. bed-covering, counterpane (sængr með áklæðum). 
á-kneiki, n. shame (snúa e-u e-m til ákneikis) ; 
-koma, -kváma, f. (1) touch; úfriðar á., visitation of war; (2) hurt, wound. 
á-kúfóttr, a. round as a ball. 
á-kveðinn, pp. fixed, ,appointed; ákveðin orð, marked, pointed words ; með ákveðnum orðum, in express words.
á-kvæði, n. decision, verdict; með ákvæðum. expressly. 
ákvæðis-teigr, m. a piece of field to be mown in a day ; 
-verk, n. piecework, (þat er títt á Íslandi at hafa ákvæðisverk).
á-kynnis, adv. on a visit.

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á-kæra (-ða, -ðr), v. to complain of. 
á-kæa, f. charge, complaint (bera ákæru á e-n) ; 
á-kærari, m. accuser, complainant; 
á-kærsla, f = ákæra. 
ákærslu-lauss, a. = ákærulauss -maðr, m.= ákoerumaðr. 
ákæru-lauss, a. undisputed, unimpeached; 
-maðr, m. accuser, complainant.
ál, (pl. -ar), f. leather-strap. 
á-lag, n. (1) esp. pl., álög, impost, tax, burden; (2) visitation, tribulation ; (3) law term, additional fine; (4) spell, charm.
á-laga, f. esp. pl. álögur = álag (1). 
ála-garðr, m. eel-pond, stew for eels. 
álags-háttr, m. a kind of metre, the first syllable of the following line completing the sentence. 
álar-endi, m. end of a leather strap 
-reip, n. rope of leather. 
ála-virki, n. = álagarðr. 
ál-belti, m. leathern belt; 
-borinn, pp. measured with a thong or cord (of a field); 
-burbr, m. measurement (of a field) with a cord. 
á-leiðis, adv. (1) onwards forwards (fóru á. til skipa sinnt) ; vildu snúa á. fór sinni, proceed on their journey; fig., koma e-u á., to bring about; víkja á. með e-m, to side with one; (2) on the right path, opp. to afleiðis snúa e-m á., to convert one. 
á-leikni, f. pertness; 
á-leikr, m. trick; 
á-leiksi, a. having got the worst of the game.
á-leita (að), v. to molest, annoy; 
á-leitiligr, a. reprehensible; 
á-leitinn, a. aggressive; 
á-leitni, f. (1) aggressiveness (á. við e-n); (2) blame, censure.
á-lengdar. adv. for the future (engum friði heit ek þér á.).
á-lengr, adv. (1) for the future, always (þessi illvirki skyldi eigi á. úhefnd vera) ; (2) furthermore ; (3) á. er, as soon as (álengr er hann er sextán vetra).
álfa, f. -hálfa.
álfa-blót, n. sacrifices to the elves; 
álfa-kyn, n. the race of elves. 
álf-kona, f. female elf; 
álf-kunnigr, -kunnr, a. akin to the elves.
álfr (-s, -ar), m. elf, fairy (hóll er skamt heðan er álfar búa í). 
álf-rek, n., -reki, m. dirt, excrements (which drive away the elves) ; ganga -rek, -reka, at -reka - ganga ørna sinna.
álf-röðull, m. poet. the sun.
á-lit, n. (1) aspect, appearance, countenance (vænn at áliti, fagr álitum, døkkr álits) (2) view, consideration, reflection; með skjótum álitum, without mature consideration; eigi með nógum álitum, inconsiderately ; gøra e-t at álitum, to take into consideration ; (3) opinion, judgement (at réttsýnna manna áliti).
álita-leysi, n. absence of reflection 
-lítill, a. inconsiderate ; 
-mál, n. pl. in the phrase, gora e-t at -málum gøra e-t at álitum.
álit-liga, adv. becomingly, respectably, pretty well; 
-ligr, a. deliberate. 
á-litning, f. consideration (á. himnaríkis fagnaðar).
á-líkr, a. like, resembling. 
á-ljótr (gen. -s or -ar), (1) serious bodily injury that leaves a mark, wilfully inflicted ; (2) contumelious language (mæla áljót).
áljóts-eyrir, m. a fine for 'áljotr'.
álka, f. auk; 
álku-ungi, m. young auk (fugl þvílikastr sem álku-ungi). 
áll (-s, -ar), m. (1) eel; (2) a deep narrow channel in sea or river (eru nú þeir einir álar til lands, er ek get vaðit) ; (3) germ, sprout of a plant. 
álmr, m. (1) elm ; (2) poet. man. 
álm-sveigr, m. elm-twig; 
-tré, n. elm-tree= álmr (1). 
álmviðar-skógr, m. elm-wood. 
álnar-breiðr, a. an ell broad; 
-kefli, n. a staff an ell long; 
-langr, a. an ell long; 
-tíund, f. tithe of the value of an ell; 
-virði, n. the value of an ell (alin, öln).
álpt (pl. álptir and elptr), f. swan.
álptar-hamr, m. the skin and plumage of a swan ; 
-hreiðr, n. swan's nest; 
-líki, n. swan's shape or form.
álpt-veiðr, f. catching wild swans. 
ál-reip, n. rope of leather. (cf. á-reip).

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á-lútr, a. bending forwards, stooping, (cf. lútr).
á-lygi, f. slander, calumny. 
á-lykt, f. issue, decision.
ályktar-áminning, f. final admonition; 
-dómr, m. final judgement; 
-orð, n. the last word, peroration; 
-vitni, n. conclusive testimony. 
á-lyktan, f. conclusion, final decision. 
á-lægja, a. indecl. in heat (of a mare).
ámátligr, ámáttigr, a. loathsome, unpleasant, piteous.
á-minna (-ta, -tr), v. to admonish.
á-minning, f. (1) admonition, warning; the act of reminding one (of something) ; (2) recollection (á. allra synda).
áminningar-maðr, m. admonisher, reminder; 
-orð, n. pl. admonition, exhortation ; 
-vísur, f. pl. admonitory or warning verses. 
á-mót, n. cofluence of (two or more) rivers (uppi hjá ámóti). 
á-munr, a. like (á. e-m). 
ámu-sótt, f. erysipelas.
á-mæla (-ta, -t), v. to blame (á. e-m fyrir e-t).
á-mælandi (pl. -endr), m. reprover. 
á-mæli, n. blame, reproof, reproach ; leggja e-m e-t til ámaelis, to reproach one for, or with, a thing.
ámælis-laust, adv. without reproach ; 
-orð, n. reproof; 
-samr, a. bringing reproach, shameful; 
-verðr, a. blameworthy.
án, prep. without; (1) with gen.; þess máttu Gautar illa án vera, they could not well do without it; án allrar vægðar, without any mercy; (2) with dat.; án e-s ráði, without (against) his will; án afláti, incessantly; (3) with acc.; án alla flærð, without any deceit; án leyfi, without leave.
á-nafnaðr, a. renowned, famous. 
ánauð, f. (1) oppression, constraint; (2) bondage ; (3) straits, hardship (also in pl.).
ánauðar-ok, n. yoke of bondage; 
-vist, f. life of oppression or bondage. 
á-nauðga (að): v. (1) to reduce to bondage, to enslave (á. e-m) ; (2) to oppress; 
ánauðigr, a. oppressed, enslaved; 
á-nauðr, m. = ánauð. 
á-nefna (-da, -dr), v. to name, appoint (á. dag til orrustu).
á-netja (að), v. to entangle as in a net (á,. e-n e-u); refl., ánetjast e-u, to be entangled in. 
á-neyða (-dda, -ddr), v. to force, subject by force.
áning, f. resting, baiting; cf. 'æja'. 
á-nyt, f. ewe's milk, = ær-nyt. 
á-nýja (að), v. to renew. 
á-nœgja, v.= nœgja; lát sér e-t á., to be content, rest satisfied, with. 
ár, n. (1) year; at ári, next year; telja árum, to count time by years; (2) plenty, abundance, fruitfulness (þá var ár um öll lönd) ; (3) the name of the Rune A.
ár, f. oar; draga skip á árum, to pull the boat with oars ; þungr undir árum, heavy to pull; draga árar um e-t, to contend for; koma eigi ár sinni fyrlr borð, to be under restraint. 
ár, n. first beginning; ár var alda, in times of yore; at morgins ári, um morguninn í ár = árla um morguninn, early in the morning. 
ár, adv. (1) anciently, of yore ; (2) early (ár um morguninn). 
ára-burðr, m. the movement of the oars; koma (ráðast) undir -burð e-s, to become dependent on one; vera undir -burði e-s, to be under one's protection; 
-gangr, m. splashing of oars; 
-glam, n.= -gangr ; 
-lag, n. time in rowing; kunna áralag, to be able to handle an oar. 
ár-áll, m. river-channel. 
ár-angr (-rs), m. (1) season, = árferð; (2) produce of the earth. 
árar-hlumr, m. oar-handle ; 
-hlutr, m. piece of an oar; 
-stubbi, m. stump of an oar; 
-tré, n. wood for making oars.
á-rás, f. assault, attack, = áhlaup. 
ára-tal, n. number of years; fimtugr at -tali, fifty years of age; 
-tala, f. (1) = -tal ; (2) calculation, reckoning of years.
ár-bakki, m. bank of a river. 
ár-bót, f. bettering of the season of produce.

35

ár-brot, n. inundation of a river; 
-brú, f.bridge over a river.
ár-búinn, a. early ready.
ár-býll, a. dwelling in abundance,
ár-dagar, m. pl., í -daga, in days of yore; 
-degis, adv. early in the day. 
ár-djúp n. pool in a river.
á-reið, f. charge of cavalry, invasion of horsemen;
á-reitingr, m. inducement. 
á-rennilgr, a. easy to face, 
á-reyðr, f. a kind of salmon. 
ár-eyrr, f. bar, sandbank at the mouth of a river; 
-farvegr, m. course of a river,
ár-ferð, f. (1) season (góð árferð) (2) good luck.
ár-flótr, a. fast, swift (of a rowing vessel).
ár-gali, m. 'the early singer', the cock, chanticleer,
árgalla-lauss, a. free from failure of crop, fertile, 
ár-galli, m. failure of crop.
ár-gangr, m. a year's course, year.
ár-gljúfr, n. pl. steep cliff's over-hanging a river.
ár-guð, m. god of plenty (the god Frey) ; 
-gœzka, f. good season. 
ár-hlutr, m. one's portion of a river (as regards fishing rights). 
á-riða, f. smearing, rubbing (cf. ríða á').
árla, adv. (1) early; with gen., árla dags ; (2) in times of yore. 
ár-langt, adv., -lengis, adv. for a year, during a whole year; 
-liga, adv. (1) = árla; (2) yearly ; 
-ligr, a. (1) annual, yearly; (2) early. 
ár-maðr, m. steward, esp. of a king's or bishop's estates.
ár-megn, n. main stream or current of a river.
ár-menning, f. stewardship.
árna (að), v. (1) to earn, gain, get (á. e-t) ; (2) á. e-m e-s, to procure a thing for one; á. e-m góðs, to pray for good to one ; á. e-m ills, to imprecate evil upon, to curse; á. e-m lífs, to intercede for one's life; á. e-s við guð, to pray to God for a thing.
árna (að), v. to go forward, to wander (á. úrgar brautir).
árnaðar-maðr, m. intercessor (esp, of Christ and the saints); 
-orð n. intercession (of the saints), 
árnaðr, m. intercession.
árnan, f. = árnaðr,
árnandi (pl. -endr), m. intercessor, = árnaðarmaðr,
ár-oss, m. mouth of a river, 
árr (pl, ærir and árar, acc. áru and ára), m. (1) messenger, servant; (2) pl. angels (ærir ok höfuðærir), 
árr, a. early (at árum degi). 
ár-risull, a. given to rising early. 
ár-sali, -salr, m. precious hangings of a bed (kult ok blæjur ok ársall). 
ár-samr, a. fertile (ársamr vetr), 
ár-sáinn, pp. early sown. 
ár-skyld, f. yearly rent. 
ár-straumr, m. current in a river; .
-strönd, f. bank of a river. 
ár-sæli, f. the fact of having prosperous seasons (during one's reign) ; 
-sæll, a. happy in having good seasons.
ár-tal, n. reckoning by years;
-tekja, f. yearly rent 
-víð, f. anniversary of a man's death.
ártiðar-dagr, m.= ártíð;
-skrá, f. obituary.
á-runi, m. attack,= árás.
ár-vað, n. ford of a river.
ár-vakr, a. early awake, early rising (árvakr ok ósvefnugr). 
ár-vegr, m.= árfarvegr.
ár-vænligr, -vænn, a. promising a good season.
ár-vöxtr, m. the rising or swelling of a river.
áræða-mikill, a. daring, enterprising (cf. áræðis-mikill). 
á-ræði, n. (1) attack; veita e-m á., to talk ; (2) courage, daring, pluck.
á-ræðiligr, a. (1) likely, probable; (2) daring, dangerous; (3) ekki áræðiligt, not easy to face. 
á-ræðinn. a. daring, enterprising. 
áræðis-fullr, a. = áræðinn ; 
-lítill, a. of small courage; 
-mikill, a. daring; 
-raun, f. test of courage, daring deed; 
-skortr, m. want of courage; 
-snarr, a. of great courage, plucky.
á-saka (að), v. to accuse, reproach

36

(opp. to 'afsaka') ; 
á-sakan, f. charge censure.
ásakanar-efni, n. matter for censure; 
-orð, n. pl. words of reproach. 
á-sakari, m. accuser, adversary, 
á-samt, adv. (1) vera á., to be together, esp. of married people; (2) koma á. to agree; þau kómu vel á., they lived happily together, 
á-sauðr, m. ewe; coll. ewes. 
á-sáld, a. sprinkling, fig., of a snow storm.
á-sáttr, pp. agreed, having come to terms (á. um e-t).
ás-brú, f. bridge of the Gods, the rainbow.
ás-drengr, m. short pillar; 
-endi, m. the end of a beam, 
á-seta, f. (1) sitting upon; (2) tenure of a farm (áseta á jörð).
á-setning, f. laying on, putting on (á. stólunnar),
ás-garðr, m. the residence of the Gods; 
-grindr, f. pl. the gate of ásgarðr.
á-sigling, f. sailing upon.
á-sjá (gen. ásjár), f. (1) help, aid, protection (biðja e-n ásjár) ; (2) superintendence, inspection; (3) appearance, shape.
ásjá-ligr, a. handsome, pretty; 
-mál, n. a matter worthy of, or requiring, consideration.
á-sjána, f. older form for 'ásjóna' 
ásjón, f. superintendence, inspection = ásýn.
á-sjóna, f. (1) countenance, look; kvenna vænst baæði at ásjónu (appearance) ok vitsmunum ; greppligr í ásjónu, ugly-looking, ; (2) form, shape (andi drottins í dófu ásjónu). 
á-skelling, f. chiding, severe reproof (cf. 'skella á.'). 
á-skeyti, n. attack. 
á-skilnaðr, m. (1) disagreement, difference ; (2) separation ; í tvennum áskilnaði, in two different ways. 
á-skoran, f. a pressing request; a challenge.
á-skot, n. shooting at; svá mikil á., at, so hard shooting, that. 
ás-kunnigr, -kunnr, a. akin or related to the gods.
á-skurðr, m. carving in wood or stone (áskurðr ok trésmíði), 
á-skynja, a, indecl, á e-rar íþróttar, experienced, expert in an art; also with dat.; 
á-skynjandi, pr. p.= askynja,
á-slátta, f. injury inficted by some one (á-djöfuls),
ás-liðar, m. pl. champions of the Gods; 
-mogin, n. the divine strength of the Gods, esp. used of Thor;
-megir, m. pl. the sons of the Gods; 
-móðr, m. divine wrath (sá hann þá þór í ásmóði).
á-sókn, f. (1) attack, assault; (2) indictment, accusation;
ásóknar-maðr, m. accuser, 
áss (gen. áss and ásar; pl. æsir, acc. æsi and ásu), m. one of the old heathen gods in general, or esp. one of the older branch, in opp. to the younger ones (the Vanir), 
áss (gen. áss, pl. ásar), m. (1) a thick pole, main beam (in a house); (2) in a ship, yard of a sail (beitiáss); (3) rocky ridge.
ás-stubbi, m. stump of a beam. 
ást, f. (1) love, affection ; hafa á. á e-m, to feel a love for; fella á. til e-s or við e-n, to take a fancy to or for one; (2) pl. ástir, love between man and woman, esp. affection between man and wife (vel er um ástir okkrar, sagði hón)
á-staða, f. (1) assertion, contention; (2) pl. disagreement, discord.
ásta-lauss, a. loveless.
ástar-andi, m. spirit of love ; 
-angr, n. grief from love ; 
-auga. n. loving eye, tender look (líta, renna -augum til e-s) 
-band, n. tie or bind of love; 
-boðorð, n. commandment of love; 
-bragð, n. token of love; 
-brimi, -bruni, m. fire of love, ardent love; 
-drykkr, m. love-potion ; 
-eldr, m. -brími: -fullr, a. (1) loving; (2) enamoured; 
-fundr, m. affectionate meeting; 
-gjöf, f. gift of grace; 
-grein, f. kind of affection ; 
-gyðja, f. goddess of love; 
-gørningr, m. act of charity; 
-harmr, m. grief from love; 
-hirting, f. chastisement of love; 
-hiti, m. warmth of love;

37

-hugi, -hugr, m. love, affection; 
-hygli, f. devotion; 
-ilmr, m. sweetness of love ; 
-kveðja, f. hearty greeting; 
-kveikja, f. kindler of love; 
-lauss, a. loveless; 
-leysi, n. absence of love; 
-logi, m. flame of love; 
-mark, n. token of love; 
-orð, n. pl. words of love (mæla -orðum til e-s);
-reiði, f. anger from love
-samband, n. band of love;
-sigr, m. victory of love;
-snæðingr, m. love feast;
-sœtleigr, m. sweetness of love; 
-várkunn, f. compassion; 
-verk, n. act of charity; 
-vél, f. artifice of love (bók -véla, Ars amandi); 
-þjónusta, f. service of love; 
-þokki, m. love, affection; 
-œði, n. fury of love.
ást-blindr, a. blind from love 
-bundinn, pp. in bonds of love, deeply enamoured.
á-stemma, f. damming up of a river.
ást-fenginn, pp. (1) love-exciting (-fenginn drykkr) ; (2) bound in love (-fenginn við Maríu) ; 
-fólginn, pp. beloved, dear to one (e-m) ; 
-fóstr, n. loving fosterage (leggja -fóstr við e-n ; fœða e-n upp -fóstri) ; 
-gjöf, f. gift of love, grace ; 
-goði, or -góði, m. darling;
-hollr, a. affectionate (e-m) ; 
-hugaðr, a. dearly loving, affectionate; 
-hugi, m. affection.
á-stig, n. treading-upon (slétt stræti til ástigs).
ást-igr, a. dear, lovely; pl. contr. ástgir, ástgar; 
-kynni, n. hearty welcome; 
-lauss, a. void of love, loveless; 
-leysi, n. want of love, unkindness; 
-menn, m. pl. dearly beloved friends; 
-mær, f. darling maid, sweetheart; 
-ráð, n. kindly advice.
á-stríðari, m. adversary, tempter. 
ást-ríki, f. affectionate tenderness hafa -ríki af e-m, to be much loved by;
-ríkr, a. full of love (-ríkt hugskot) -ríkr e-m or til e-s, full of love to; 
-samliga, adv. affectionately; 
-samligr, a. affectionate; 
-samr, a. full of love, tenderly disposed towards (við e-n) ; 
-semd, f. love, affection.
ástsemdar-frændsemi, f. affectionate relationship; 
-ráð, n. kind advice; 
-verk, n. work of love; 
-vinátta, f. loving-friendship.
ást-semi, f. = -semd; 
-sæld, f. popularity; 
-sæll, a. beloved by all, popular (-sæll e-m or af e-m).
á-stunda (að), v. to study, take pains with, = stunda á e-t; 
á-stundan, f. (1) care, painstaking endeavour; (2) strong desire (hafa á. til guðs); (3) intention.
ást-úð, f. love, affection ; leggja ástúð til e-s, to become fond of one. 
ástúðar-frændsemi, f. affectionate kinship ; 
-vinr, m. dear friend.
ást-úðigr, a. beloved, dear (-úðigr öllu fólki) ; -úðigt er með þeim, they are on friendly or loving terms; 
-úðligr, a. amiable, friendly (við e-n or e-m) ; loving.
ást-vina, f. dear (female) friend; 
-vinátta, f. intimate friendship; 
-vinr, m. intimate friend; 
-þokki, m. = ástarþokki.
ás-ynja, f. goddess, the fem. answering to 'áss '.
á-sýn, f. (1) countenance, presence (kásta e-m burt frá, sinni á..); (2) appearance, shape (guðs hold ok blóð í á. brauðs ok víns) ; (3) view, opinion (með rangri á.) ; (4) dat. pl. used as adv., hversu var hann ásýnum, how did he look?; gen. as adv., minna ásýnar, apparently less.
á-sýna (-da, -dr), v. to shew; 
á-sýnd, f. = ásýn ; ásýndum = ásýnum ; ásýndar= ásýnar ; 
á-sýniligr, a. conspicuous, stately ; 
á-sýnis, adv. in appearance, to look at (friðr á.); 
á-sýnt, a. n. to be seen, visible ; ef eigi verðr á., if no mark (of the blow) can be seen ; þat er á., it is evident.
á-sœkni, f. aggressiveness. 
át, n. (1) the act of eating; eiga át ok drýkkju við e-n, to eat and drink with one; kýr hafnaði átinu, the cow would not eat; (2) food (át ok drykkr).
áta, a. f. (1) eating; góðr átu, good eating; (2) food, meat; sá hafi húð ok átu, er átti, let the owner (of the ox) have the hide and meat. 
á-tak, n. (1) touch, touching; svá átaks (to the touch) sem skinn;

38

(2) firm hold or grasp ; átök ok sviptingar, in wrestling. 
a-tala, f. rebuke, reprimand (veit e-m átölur).
átan, n. eatable thing, proper food (cf. 'úátan').
á-tekjur, f. pl. manner of taking a thing (Þorsteini óx móðr við átekjur hans).
á-tekning, f. (1) touching; (2) the sense of feeling ; 
á-tekt, f. (1) = átek jur ; (2) = átekning (1). 
át-fátt, a. n. short of food. 
át-frekr, a. greedy, voracious 
-girni, f. greediness of food. 
átján, card. numb, eighteen. 
átjándi, ord. numb. eighteenth. 
átján-sessa, f. a shiphaving eighteen rowing benches.
á-troð, n., átroði, m. treading, upon, trampling (verða fyrir; átroða). 
átrúnaðar-maðr, m. a believer, a worshipper.
á-trúnaðr, m. belief in (drauma á.); forn á., the old heathen faith. 
átt, f. (1) family, race; (2) quarter, direction; see 'ætt'. 
átta, card. numb., eight; 
áttandi, ord. numb. Eighth = átti, áttundi. 
áttar-auki, m. increase of the family; 
-mót, n. relationship; 
-œxling, f. propagation of kin.
átta-tigir, m. pl., -tiu, card. numb. eighty.
átt-bogi, m. lineage, -ættbogi.
átt-feðmingr, m. a measure of eight fathoms (-feðmingr torfs). 
átt-hagi, m. one's native place, one' s home (í átthaga sinum). 
átt-hyrndr, a. eight-cornered, octagonal.
átti, ord. numb. the eighth átti dagr Jóla; við átta mann). 
áttján, card. numb. eighteen, the older form = átján.
átt-leggr, m.= ættleggr; 
-lera, a. indecl. degenerate.
átt-mælt, a. n. name of a metre, a verse containing eight lines, each being a separate sentence. 
átt-niðjungr, -niðr, -runnr, m. kinsman, descendant.
átt-rœðr, a. (1) eighty years of age (2) measuring eighty fathoms, in height, breadth, or depth. 
átt-stafr, m. kinsman, = ættingi. 
átt-strendr, a. octagonal. 
áttugandi, ord. numb. eightieth. 
áttungr, m. (1) the eighth part (a. manna); (2) division of the country (in some parts of Norway). 
áttungr, m. kinsman, = aettingi. 
áttungs-kirkja, f. a church belonging to an 'áttungr' (in Norway). 
átt-visi, f. genealogical knowledge, = ættvisi.
átt-seringr, m. eight-oared boat; 
-ærr, a. of eight oars (skip áttært). 
átu-þýfi, n. stolen eatables.
átölu-lauss, a. undisputed.
ávalt (= of allt), adv. always. 
á-vant, a. n. in the phrase, e-s er á., is wanted, needed (einnar mér Freyju á. þykkir).
á-varðr, a. dear, acceptable, only of man in relation to the gods (avarðir goðunum; ávarðr Guði). 
á-varp, n. calculation (in round numbers), opinion, estimate (at ávarpi flestra manna,.
á-vaxta (að), v. to make fertile or productive; á. fé, to put out to interest; refl., ávaxtast, to increase ; ávaxtast með þorn ok klungr, to become overgrown with.
ávaxta-lauss, a. (1) unproductive; (2) fruitless, resultless; 
-ligr, a. profitable, useful (e-m). 
á-vaxtan, f. increase, augmentation. 
ávaxtar-samligr, a. profitable; 
-samligr, a.= ávaxtar-samligr; 
-tími, m. the time of harvest. 
ávaxta-samr, a.=avaxtsamr. 
ávaxt-lauss, a. unfruitful; 
-samligr, a.= avaxtar-samligr; 
-samr, a. profitable, fruitful.
á-ván, f. faint expectation or hint segja e-m áván e-s, to give one some hint of a thing.
á-veiðr, f. river fishery.
á-verk, n. (1) bodily injury or lesion, wound (veita, bjóða, e-m á.); (2) unlawful use of another man's land (as cutting trees in his forest). 
áverka-bót. f. compensation for an áverki; 
-drep, n. a stroke producing

39

áverki-maðr, perpetrator of an áverki ; 
-mil, n. an action concerning áverki,
á-verki, m. = áverk.
á-viðris, adv. on the weather side of (áviðris e-u = á veðr e-u).
á-viljaðr, a. inclined to, with inf.
á-vinna, (see vinna), v. to gain, make profit.
á-vinningr, m. (1) attainment; í ávinning, at, in order to attain, that; (2) profit, gain. 
á-vinnt, a. n. difficult, toilsome; þa mun á. um söxin, then those in the bow will be hard put to it.
á-vist, f. abode, residence; Snorra þótti betra ávistar í Hlíð, Snorra prefered living at Hillside. 
á-vita a. indecl., verða e-s á., to become aware of a thing.
á-vitall, or á-vitull, m. hint, intimation, indication.
á-viti, a. = ávita.
á-viga, a. indecl in phr. verða á., to lose most people in a combat.
á-visa, (að) v. to point at, indicate. 
á-visan, f. indication intimation. 
á-vit, n. pl. reprimand, rebuke; berja e-n ávitum, to upbraid one. 
á-vita (að), v. to chide, rebuke (í. e-n um e-t),
ávita-laust, a. n. blameless. 
ávitan, f. rebuke, reprimand. 
ávitanar-orð, n. word of blame.
ávita-orð, n. = ávítanarorð; 
-samligr, a. blameable.
ávit-samligr, a. = ávítsamligr.
-samr, a. apt to blame, censorious.
á-væni, n. = áván.
á-vöxtr, m. (1) produce, growth, ruit; (2) interest, rent; (3) gain.
á-þekkr, a. similar (á. e-m).
áþéttar-orð, áþéttis-órð, n. defamatory language, invective.
áþjá, (see þjá), v. to oppress.
áþján, f. oppression, harsh or oppressive rule.
áþjánar-ok, n. yoke of tyranny.
á-þrætni, f. mutual strife.
á-þyngd, f. exaction, oppression.

B

bað, n. bath esp. steam or vapour-bath (fara or ganga til baðs, koma ór baði, ganga frá baði; taka bað). 
baðast (að), v. refl., to take a bath, to bathe.
bað-ferð, f. going to the bath (vera í -ferð) ; um -ferðir, about the time for bathing; 
-kápa, f. bathing-cloak;
-kona, f. female bathing attendant. 
baðmr, m. (1) tree; (2) bosom. 
bað-stofa, f. bath-room, bathingroom ; in later times, sitting—room. 
baðstofu-gluggr, m. opening (window) in the roof of a baðstofa. 
bagall, m. a bishop's staff, crozier. 
bagal-stafr, m.= bagall. 
baggi, m. pack, bundle. 
baglaðr, a. crooked, deformed. 
bak, n. (1) back (binda bagga á b. sér); fig., bera sök á baki, to be guilty; leggja bleyðiorð á b. e-m, to charge one with being a coward; hafa marga vetr á baki, to be advanced in years; snúa baki við to turn the back, flee; ganga á b. heitum, orbum, to go back on one's word; (2) = hestbak; fara á b., to mount ; fara, stíga, spretta af baki, to dismount; (3) the backside of a thing (cf. handarbak, hurðarbak, húsbak); á baki húsunum at the back of the houses; gøra e-t ábaki e-m, in one's absence, behind one's back; ríða at baki e-m, behind him on the same horse; berr er hverr at baki nerna sér bróður eigi, bare is one's back without a brother behind it; á bak (a) behind; koma á b. e-m, to attack in the rear; (b) after; á b. jólum, after Christmas hvat sern áb. kernr, whatever may come after or follow; (c) absol., falla á b. aptr, to fall backwards; brjóta á b. orð e-s, to refute, make them null and void; brjóta á b. Rómverja, to defeat them.

40

baka (að), v. (1) to bake (b. brauð); (2) to warm and rub the body and limbs, at a large fire (see 'bakeldr'); esp. refl., bakast (við eld); (3) to rub, = strjúka; bakaði Helgi fótinn, he rubbed the (broken) leg.
bakan, n. bacon (rare).
bakara-meistari, m. master-baker;
-ofn, m. baker's oven. 
bakari, m. baker.
bak-bit, n. backbiting, slander;
-bítari, m. backbiter, slanderer;
-borði, m. the larboard side of a ship, port, opp. to 'stjórnborði'; 
-brjóta (see brjóta), v. to violate, = brjóta ábak; 
-byrðingar, m. pl. the crew on the larboard side, opp. to the 'stjórnhyrðingar'; 
-byrðr, f. a burden to carry on the back.
bakelda-gørð, f. the action of making a bakeldr, or the rubbing of the back at a bakeldr.
bak-eldr, m. a fire at which to bake (warm and rub) the body and limbs (sitja við -elda).
bak-fall, n. (1) falling backwards, esp. in pl., róa -föllum, knýja árar með stórum -föllum, to take long pulls with the oars;   (2) attack in the rear, = -slag; veita e-m -fall, to attack in the rear; 
-ferð, f. mounting on horseback; 
-ferla (að), v. to drive back, annul, make void; 
-hlutr, m. the hind part backside; 
-hold, n. pl. the flesh on the back of cattle; 
-hverfast (ð), v. refl., to turn one's back upon (við e-ð) ; 
-jarl, m. a foe attacking in the rear.
bakka-kólfr, m. a kimi of blunt-headed arrow; 
-stokkar, m. pl. stocks on which a ship is built; setja fram af -stokkum, to launch.
bakki, m. (1) bank (of a river, lake, chasm, &c.); (2) ridge, bank (hann settist undir bakka í hrísrunni); (3) a mound on which the target is set up; setja span í bakka, to set up a target; (4) bank of clouds above the horizon ; (5) back of a knife or other cutting instrument, opp. to 'egg'.
bak-klæði, n. tapestry; 
-lengja, f. the back-strip of a hide; 
-màll, -málugr, a. backbiting, slanderous;
-mæla (-ta, -t), v. to backbite (-mæla e-m); 
-mælgi, f., -mali, n. backbiting, slander.
bakmælis-maðr, m. calumniator. 
bak-rauf, f. anus, a nickname;
-sárr, a. having a sore back (of a horse) ; 
-setja (see setja), v. to neglect, omit (—setja at gera e-t);
-skyrta, f. the hind part of a shirt;
-slag. n., -sletta, f. attack in the rear, = bakfall (2); 
-slettr, m.= baksletta;
-stakkr, m. the hind part of a cloak;
-stokkar, m. pl. = bakkastokkar. 
bakstr (-rs), m. (1) baking; (2) baked bread, esp. communion bread; (3) poultice, fomentation ; (4) warming, rubbing (of the body). 
bakstr-brauð, n. baked bread;
-buðkr, m. a box in which the communion bread was kept; 
-eldr, m. (1) = bakeldr; (2) fire for making bread (gera þeir -elda stóra til brauðs)
-hús, n. bakehouse; 
-járn, n. an iron plate for baking communion bread;
-kona, f. female baker; 
-ofn, m. baking-oven; 
-sveinn, m. baker boy. 
bak-vana, a. indecl. having a sore back (of horses); 
-verkr, m. pain in the back; 
-verpast (t), v. (1) to turn away from, disregard (við e-t or  við e-m) ; (2) to flee before one (-verpast við sínum úvinum).
baldikin, n. baldaquin, rich brocade.
baldinn, a. untractable, unruly.
baldrast (að), v. refl., to crowd together in a confused throng.
baldriði, m. = ballriði.
bali, m. grassy bank.
ballr, a. dangerous, dire; böll ráð, fatal schemes; ballir draumar, bad, ill—boding dreams; böll þrà, heavy grief.
ballrast (að), v. refl.,= baldrast. 
ball-riði, m. poet., 'bold rider,' hero (Freyr er beztr allra ballriða).
balsamr, m. balsam.
bana (að), v. to kill, with dat. 
bana-blóð, n. blood shed in slaying;
-dagr, m. day of death;
-drykkr, m. baneful draught, poison; 
-dœgr, n. = -dagr; 
-högg, n. death-blow (fá-högg; varð þat hans -högg); 
-lag,

41

n. stabbing to death; 
-maðr, m. killer, slayer; 
-orð, n. (1) tidings of one's death (segja -orð e-s); bera -orð af e-m, to slay one in fight; (2) death ; þiggia -orð af e-m, to be killed by one; kenna e-m -orð, to charge with slaying one; 
-ráð, n. planning a person's death; ráða or veita e-m -ráð, to bring about one's death ; 
-sár, n. death-wound, a mortal wound; 
-skot, n. mortal shot; 
-sótt, f. death sickness, mortal illness ; 
-spjót, n., in the phrase, berast -spjót. eptir, to be deadly enemies; 
-tilræði, n. mortal attack (veita e-m -tilræði) ; 
-þúfa, f. a knoll that causes one's death ; hníga við -þófu, to die; drepa fótum við -þúfu, to stumble against or over a fatal knoll.
band, n. (1) the act of binding or settling, opp. to 'lausn'; fig., lausn ok b. allra vandamála, the decision in all difficult cases; (2) band, cord (mjótt b.); (3) in pl., (a) bonds, fetters (hafa e-n í bóndum) ; (b) bond, confederacy (ganga í bönd ok eið) ; (c) poet., the gods, cf 'höpt'; blóta bönd, to worship the gods; at mun banda, at the will of the gods. 
banda (að), v. to make a sign by waving the hand; b. á móti fénu, to drive away the sheep ; with dat., b. hönum; to wave the hands. 
banda-maðr, m. confederate, one who is in league with others. 
bandingi (-ja), m. prisoner. 
band-vetlingr, m. a kind of glove. 
bang, n. hammering; 
banga (að), v. to hammer, knock; b. dyrr or á dyrr, to knock at the door. 
bang-hagr, a. knowing how to use the hammer.
bani, m. (1) death; fá (biða, hafa, taka) bana, to die; ráða sér bana, to commit suicide; leiða e-n til bana, to cause one's death (of an illness) ; kominn at bana, sinking fast; (2) that which causes death, bane; slayer (fjögurra manna b.). 
bann, n. (1) excommunication, anathema, interdict; hit meira b., the greater exc. ; hit minna b. (the lesser exc.) þat sem forboð er kallat á norrœnu ; (2) prohibition, opp. to 'lof ' (hlýða boði ok banni e-s) ; leggja b. fyrir e-t, to prohibit. 
banna (að): v. (1) to forbid, prohibit (b. e-m e-t or with infin.) ; (2) to curse (b. e-m) ; refl. bannast um, to swear (to do a thing). 
bannaðar-orð, n. = bannanarorð.
bannan, f. curse, imprecation. 
bannanar-orð, n. pl. = bannan. 
bann-fœra (-ða, -ðr), v. to place under the ban.
banns-atkvæði, n. sentence of excommunication; 
-áfelli, n., -dómr, m. = -atkvæði.
bann-setja (see setja), v. (1) to place under the ban ; (2) to curse; 
-setning, f. excomunication; 
-settliga, adv. wickedly; 
-settligr, a. execrable, detestable; 
-settr, pp. (1) placed under the ban ; (2) accursed. 
banns-mál, n. a case liable to excommunication; 
-pina, f. punishinent of excommunication; 
-spjót, n. spear of excommunication; 
-verk, n. an act liable to excommunication. 
bann-syngja (see syngja), v. to pronounce an anathema against.
banns-sök, f. an offense liable to excommunication.
ban-orð, f . = banaorð; 
-vænligr, a. mortal, deadly; 
-vænn, a. (1) = -vænligr (-vænt sár) ; (2) deadly sick; ok er dró at því at hann var -vænn, when all hope of life was gone.
barar, f. pl. (1) hand-barrow, stretcher (Þ. var borinn í börum um fjallit) ; (2) funeral bier carried by horses (mœddust hestarnir undir börunum).
barátta, f. (1) contest, fighting; (2) fight, battle.
baráttu-fullr, a. combative, fond of fighting; 
-maðr, m. warrior; 
-samr. a. given to fighting.
barð, n. (1) beard (rare); (2) brim, of a hat or helmet ; (3) the beak or armed prow of ships (of war), stem ; róa fyrir b. e-m (= róa fyrir stafn e-m), to thwart one.
barða, f. a kind of axe. 
bardaga-búinn, pp. ready for battle; 
-frest, n. delay of battle;

42

-fullr, a. = -gjarn; 
-fýst, f. love of combat; 
-gjarn, a. eager for combat; 
-guð, m. god of battle 
-gyðja, f. goddess of battle; 
-laust, adv. without battle; 
-list, f. art of war; 
-lykt, f. the close of a battle; 
-maðr, m. warrior; 
-stef. n., -stefna, f. a time fixed for a battle.
bardagi, m. (1) beating, thrashing; (2) fight, battle (heyja, eiga bardaga við e-n) (3) calamity, scourge. 
barð-hvalr, m. a sort of whale. 
barði, m. a sort of ship, 'ram.' 
barð-mikill, a. with a great 'barð' (3). 
barir, f. pl. = barar (rare). 
barka-kýli, n. Adam's apple. 
barki, m. windpipe, weazand. 
barki, m. a sort of small boat, launch. 
bark-lauss, a. without bark (börkr). 
barlak, n. barley, = bygg. 
barmi, m. poet., brother. 
barmr, m. brim, rim (of a vessel or a steel cap).
barm-tog, n. a rope for hauling the nets ashore.
barn, n. (1) bairn, child; vera með barni, to be with child; ganga með barni, to go with child; barns hafandi or hafandi at barni, with child, pregnant; frá blautu barni, from one's tender years; (2) = mannsbarn; hvert b., every man, every living soul.
barna (að), v. to get with child. 
barna-börn, n. pl. grandchildren; 
-eldi, n. procreation of children; 
-fœri, n. in the phrase, ekki -fœri, no task for children; 
-gaman, n. child's play ; 
-karl, m. children's friend. 
barn-aldr, m. = barnsaldr. 
barna-leikr, m. child's play. 
barn-alinn, pp. native; -alinn á Islandi, a native of lceland. 
barna-mál, n. childish affair; gera e-t at -málum, to treat as a trifle, trifle with; 
-mesba, f. Holy Innocents' Day; 
-skap, n. childish temper; hafa ekki -skap, to be no baby; 
-vipr, n. childish trifles, gewgaws; 
-þáttr, m. the section of law concerning infants.
barn-beri, a. with child, pregnant; 
-burðr, m. childbirth; 
-bærr, a. capable of bearing children, opp. to 'úbyrja' ; 
-dómr, m. childhood; 
-eign, f. (1) getting or having children; (2) children, family (furðu ilia -eign gat Loki); 
-eskja. f. childhood, = barnœska; 
-faðir, m. a childs alleged father; 
-fóstr, n. fostering of a child (a kind of adoption in olden times) ; bjóða e-m -fóstr, to offer to do this for another man; 
-fóstra, f. foster-mother; 
-fóstri, m. foster-father; 
-fúlga, f. pay for the maintenance of a child; 
-fœddr, pp.= -alinn ; borinn ok -fœddr, born and bred; 
-fœði, n. native place, birthplace (eiga -fœði e-s staðar); 
-getnaðr, m. (1) procreation of children ; (2) pregnancy (hón hafði fengit -getnað af þeirra samvistu); 
-gœlur, f. pl. nursery songs, lullabies.
barningr, m. thrashing, see 'lamabarningr'.
barn-lauss, a. childless; 
-leikr, m. = barnaleikr; 
-leysi, n. childlessness 
-ligr, a. childish, childlike.
barns-aldr, m. (time of) childhood (nýkominn af -aldri); 
-bein, n., in the phrase, frá (or af) blautu -beini, from childhood; 
-full, a. f. pregnant;
-fylgja, f. the after-birth, = eptirburðr;
-grátr, m. the crying of a baby; 
-húfa, f. child's cap.
barn-skikkja, f. childs cloak; 
-skírn, f. christening of an infant; 
-skirnar-orð, n. pl. words used in christening, baptismal formula. 
barn-sótt, f. pains, throes of childbirth (taka -sótt); 
-sæll, a. fortunate in one's children; 
-sæng, f. childbed; 
-teitr, a. glad as a child; 
-ungr, a. very young, youthful; 
-úmagi, m., -úmegð, f. (see these words) ; -œska, f. childhood (bráð er barnœska). 
barr, n. (1) acicular leaves, needles of the fir or pine (wrongly applied Snorri, who speaks of the 'barr' of the ash (2) barley.
barr-axlaðr, a. high-shouldered, with sharp, prominent shoulder bones, 
-haddaðr, a. poet., barley-haired (of the earth).
Barreyskr, a. from Barra (in the Hebrides).

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barr-skeptr, a. high-shafted, of an axe (breiðöx barrskept). 
barr-viðr, m. pine-forest; the wood of the fir.
bar-smið, m. (1) thrashing, flogging; (2) in pl., fight, row. 
barún (pl. barúnar), m. baron. 
bar-viðri, n. beating storm, violent blasts (b. ok regn mikit). 
bassi, m. bear, = bersi. 
bast, n. (1) bast, the inner bark of the lime-tree (bleikr sem b.); (2) cord or string of bast (sá, þeir á b. bauga dregna).
basta (að), v. to bind with a rope of bast (úbastaðr ok úbundinn). 
bastarðr, m. bastard. 
bastari, m. bastrope-maker. 
bast-bleikr, a. pale as bast (= bleikr sem b.); 
-lina, f. cord of bast; 
-taug, f. rope or cord of bast; 
-vesall, a. = -bleikr; 
-øx, f. a kind of axe. 
bati, m. improvement, advantage. 
batna (að), v. (1) to improve, get better; (2) impers., e-m batnar, one recovers (after sickness); the disease is added in gen. (e-m batnar síns meins, sjúkleika).
batnaðr (gen. -ar), m. improvement (berja e-n til batnaðar)'
bauga-brot, n. fragments of rings (given in payment); 
-tal, n. enumeration of 'rings' (baugar), the section of law dealing with weregilds. 
baug-bót, f. supplemental payment to the 'baugr' (baugþak, þveiti); 
-broti, m. 'ring-breaker', free-handed man; 
-bœtandi (pl. -endr), m. one who has to pay the weregild (baugr); 
-eiðr , m. the oath upon the sacred temple ring; 
-gildi, n. (1) the 'weregild' to be paid to the' agnates' of the slain, opp. to 'nefgildi', the same amount to be paid to the 'cognates'; (2) agnatic relationship. 
baug-gildingr, m. see next entry. 
bauggildis-maðr, m., usually pl. -menn, agnates who are bound to pay or receive the 'bauggildi'. 
baug-gildr, a. payable, fit to pay as 'bauggildi' (-gildr eyrir, -gilt fé).
baugr (-s, -ar), m. (1) ring, armlet (of gold or silver) worn on the wrist,
esp. the sacred ring (stallahringr) on the altar in heathen temples, cf. 'baugeiðr'; (2) in olden times, before minted gold or silver came into use, such rings were commonly used as a medium of payment; hence 'baugr' simply means money; (3) fine of varying amount for manslaughter, weregild; (4) gaff-hook? (5) in the phrase, eiga (kost) á baugi, to have a (single) chance left; ef sá væri á. baugi, if there were no other chance; þú munt eiga slíkan á baugi brátt, thou wilt soon have the very same chance or lot (viz. death); (6) the painted circle on a round shield.
baug-rýgr (-rýgjar, -rýgir), f. an only daughter entitled to receive and pay weregild.
baugs-helgr, f. personal sacredness (so that one's death must be atoned for by a weregild).
baug-variðr, pp. adorned with rings; 
-þak, n. 'ring-covering', supplemtal payment to be added to the'baugr' (3); at-þaki, fig., in addition, to boot; 
-þiggjandi (-endr), m. receiver of weregild.
bauka (að), v. to dig, to rummage. 
baula, f. cow; 
baulu-fall, n. the carcass of a slaughtered cow; 
-fótr, m. cow's foot, a nickname.
baun (pl. -ir), f. bean; 
bauna-lögr, m. bean-broth.
bauta, v. beat, chase? (svá bautu vér björnuna).
bautaðar-, bautar- or bautasteinn, m. stone monument, memorial stone (reisa, setja bautastein). 
baztr, a. superl. = beztr. 
bádir (báðar, bæði, gen. beggja), a. both (báðir tveir). 
bági, m. poet., adversary. 
bágr, a. uneasy, awkward (verðr honum nú bág höndin); bágt var mjök um matbjargir, provisions were very scarce.
bágr, m. contest, resistance, in such phrases as, brjóta bág við e-n, to contend against, offer resistance to; fór í bág með þeim, a conflict arose between them; they quarrelled. 
bág-ráðr, a. difficult to deal with,

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opp. to 'auð-ráðr'; 
-rækr, a. difficult to drive (of geese).
bákn, n. beacon, signal. 
bákna (að), v. to beckon, make signals (þeir báknuðu vápnunum til þeirra Hákonar).
bál, n. (1) fire; slá b. = drepa eld (2) flame, blaze; gera b., to make a blaze; (3) pyre, funeral pile; bera e-n á, b., to carry to the pyre; stiga á b., to mount the pyre.
bál-fór, f. funeral. 
bálkr, m. (1) partition, balk (b. um þveran hellinn); (2) section in a code of laws; (3) body, group, host. 
bára, f. wave, billow; vant er at sigla milli skers ok báru, between Scylla and Charybdis. 
bára (að), v. to fall and rise in waves (vatnit hrœrðist mjök ok báraði).
báróttr, a. undulated, wavy (haussinn var allr b. útan sem hörpuskel). 
bár-stórt, a. n., var-stórt, the waves ran high.
báru-fall, n. heavy sea; 
-skot, n. swell; 
-stormr, m. storm with heavy sea; 
-stórt = bár-stórt. 
bása (að), v. to drive into a stall, with dat. = bæsa.
bás-hella, f. a flagstone separating two stalls in a cowhouse. 
báss, m. boose or stall in a cowhouse (binda kú í bás). 
básún, m. bassoon (for. word). 
bát-festr, f. a rope by which a boat is made fast; 
-lauss. a. having no boat; 
-leysi, n. want of a boat; 
-maðr, m. boatman.
bátr (-s, -ar), m. boat; sjá fyrir báti sínum, to go one's own course, to mind one's own business.
báts-borð, n. the side of a boat; 
-farmr, m. boat's freight;
-haki, m. boat-hook.
bát-stafn m. boat's prow. 
beðja f. poet., bed-fellow, wife. 
beð-mál, n. pl. bed-talk. 
beðr (-jar -ir), m. bolster, bedding; ganga á beð e-m, to go to bed with one, to marry.
beiða (-dda, -ddr), v. to ask, beg, request; b. e-n e-s, or b. e-m (for one) e-s; b. e-s af e-m, to ask a thing of or from a person; b. e-n máls, orða, to address one; with acc., b. lögbeiðing, to make a lawful request; refl., beiðast, to request on one's own behalf (b. laga, griða); 
beiddr, pp. unwilling reluctant (b. fór ek heiman at biðja þín, Guðrún). 
beiðing, f., beiðni, f., beitðsla, f. request, demand.
beiðalu-maðr, m. a person asking. 
beimar, m. pl. poet., men, heroes. 
bein, n. (1) bone; láta með beini ganga, to deal blows to the very bone, give no quarter; hafa b. í hendi, to be well off; (2) leg, = fótleggr; (3) pl. mortal remains; bera bein or beinin, to be buried (hér mun ek b. bera á Íslandi).
beina (-da, -dr), v. (1) to stretch out, put into motion; b. flug, to stretch the wings for flight; b. skrið sinn, to creep, of a serpent; b. raustina, to raise the voice, speak aloud; (2) to further, promote; b. för (ferð) e-s, to help one forwards; b. at or til með e-m, to lend one help, to assist one; b. e-u til e-s, to contribute to a thing; b. at e-u, to lend a hand to b. fyrir e-m, to support, entertain.
beina-, gen. pl. from ' bein' and gen. sing. from 'beini'.
beina-bót, f. accommodation, comfort for guests.
beina-fœrsla, f. removal of bones (from one churchyard to another); 
-hrúga, f. heap of bones; 
-lag, n. burying of one's bones, death. 
beina-spell, n. spoiling the comfort of guests; 
-þurfi, a. in need of hospitable treatment. 
bein-brjóta (see brjóta), v. to break one's bones; 
-brot, n. fracture of a bone; 
-fastr, a., -fast sár, a wound to the bone; 
-flakr, m. a kind of fish; 
-gróinn, pp. grown fast to the bone; 
-högg. n. a blow injuring the bone (svöðusár ok eigi beinhögg). 
beini, m. (1) help, benifit; (2) esp. hospitable entertainment, hospitality (vinna, veita e-m beina); ganga um beina, to wait upon the guests. 
beinir, m. = beini (1).

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beini-samr, a. really to help; 
-semi, f. readiness to help.
bein-knúta, f. joint-bone; 
-kross, m. cross of bone; 
-lauss, a. boneless, without bones.
bein-leiðis, adv. straight, directly.
bein-leiki, m. hospitable treatment, hospitality, = beini (2).
beinn, a. (1) straight; bein rás, straight course; beinstr vegr, the straightest (shortest) way; (2) hospitable (bóndi var beinn við þá); gera beint við e-n, to treat one kindly. 
-beinn, a. -legged (berbeinn, barelegged; digrbeinn, thick-legged.) 
beinn, m. a kind of tree, ebony? 
bein-skeyti, f. straight shooting, marksmanship; 
-skeytr, a. straight shooting, a good shot. 
beins-litr, m. colour of a bone. 
bein-stórr, a. big-boned (maðr mikill ok beinstórr). 
beint, adv. (1) straight, in a straight line, straight on; (2) just (þat kom mér b. í hug); b. sex tigir skipa, precisely sixty ships; nú b., just now þá b., b. í þessu, just then. 
bein-verkir, m. pl., pain in the legs. 
bein-vitr, m. holly. 
bein-vöxtr, m. bone-growth, size of bones (lítill beinvöxtum). 
beiska, f. bitterness, sourness. 
beiska (að), v. to embitter. 
beisk-leikr, m. bitterness, harshness; 
-liga, adv. bitterly (gráta -liga); 
-ligr, a. bitterish; 
-lundaðr, a. bitterhearted, malevolent. 
beiskr, a. (1) bitter, acrid (b. drykkr); (2) exasperated, angry (hón varð beisk við); (3) painful, sore (beiskr bruni).
beit, f. pasturage, pasture. 
beit, f. a plate of metal mounted on the brim (of a thing). 
beit, n. poet., ship. 
beita, f. bait, esp. for fish. 
beita (-tta, -ttr), v. (1) to 'cause to bite', graze, with the animals in dat. (b. nautum), the pasture in acc. (b. haga, land, engi), absol. to pasture cattle (b. í skógi); b. upp land, to exhaust by grazing; b. upp (to consume) engjum ok heyjum; (2) to handle, use a weapon (b. sverði); (3) to hunt or chase (with dogs or hawks); b. e-n hundum, to set dogs on one; (4) fig., b. e-n brögðum, úlögum, illu, to deal cunningly, unlawfully, badly with one; recipr., við höfum opt brögðum beizt, schemed against each other; (5) to harness (a horse, &c.) to a vehicle (b. hest fyrir vagn); beittu enn blakka mar, saddle thy black steed; fig., b. e-n fyrir e-t, to put one at the head of; refl., beitast fyrir e-t or e-u, to lead the cause; (6) to furnish (a vehicle) with horses (vagn at b.); (7) to steer or sail near the wind, to cruise (beita þeir í brot, frá landinu); fengu þeir beitt fyrir Skotland, they weathered S. 
beit-fiskr, m. fish to be caught with bait? (al. 'beinfiskr.') 
beiti, n. pasturage. 
beiti, n. heather (beiti tekr við bitsóttum).
beiti-áss, m. sail-yard.
beiting, f. (1) grazing; (2) sailing by the wind (cf. þrá-beiting). 
beitinga-mál, n. a lawsuit about right of grazing or pasturage. 
beittr, a. sharp, keen (of cutting instruments).
beizl, n. bridle; leggja b. við hest, to bridle a horse.
beizla (að), v. to bridle. 
beizla, f. = beiðsla. 
beizl-ál, f. bridle-rein; 
-hringr, m. bridle-ring; 
-tamr, a. used to the bridle; 
-taumr, m. bridle-rein. 
beizlu-maðr, m. = beiðslumaðr, 
bejur, bæjur, f. pl. fetters, irons (foreign word).
bekkjar-gjöf, f. 'bench-gift' (a gift which the bridegroom offered to the bride at the wedding festival). 
bekkjar-kvern, f. water-mill. 
bekkjast (t.), v. refl. to strive to get a thing (b. til e-s); b. til við e-n, to pick a quarrel with one.
bekkju-nautr, m. bench-fellow. 
bekk-klæði, n. covering of a bench. 
bekkr (gen. -s or -jar, pl. -ir), m. bench; œðri b., the upper bench (along the north side of the hall, looking towards the sun); úœðri b., the lower (inferior) bench (along the southern side); breiða, strá bekki, to cover,

46

strew the benches (in preparation for a feast or wedding). 
bekkr (gen. -a or -jar, pl. -ir), m. beck, brook (poet.).
bekk-skrautuðr, m. adorner (ornament) of the bench (poet.). 
bekk-sœmr, a. adorning the bench.
bekri, m. ram; brjóta bekrann, to break one's neck (rare). 
belg-fláttr, m. flaying or taking off the skin of an animal entire (flá hafrana -flætti).
belgja (-ða, -ðr), v. to inflate, puff out (b. hvápta, augun). 
belgr (gen. -s or -jar, pl. -ir), m. (1) the skin (of a quadruped) taken off whole (cf. kálfsbelgr, kattbelgr, hafrbelgr, otrbelgr); (2) skin-bag, skin-case (draga belg á or yfir hofuð e-m); (3) bellows (smiðju-belgr).
belja (að), v. to bellow (b. sem naut).
beljan, f. bellowing, lowing.
bella (bell, ball, -- ), v. to hit, hurt, with dat. (ball þér nú?); ekki má ófeigum b., one not fated to die is proof against all shots. 
bella (-da, -t), v. to dare, venture, with dat.; (hverr mun hafa þessu bellt?); to deal in, display (bella svikum, lygi, gleði). 
belli-bragð, n. knavish trick. 
bellinn, a. tricky, trickish.
bell-visi, f. trickishness.
belta-dráttr, m. a close struggle. 
belti, n. belt (cf. gjörð, lindi).
beltis-púss, m. a pouch attached to the belt; 
-staðr, m. waist.
ben (-jar, -jar), f. (1) mortal wound (ben, ef at bana verðr); (2) small bleeding wound; also of the wound produced by letting blood. 
ben, n. wound = ben, f. 
benda (-nda, -ndr), v. to beckon, make a size with the head or hand (b. e-m til sín, at fylgja sér); with acc., b. e-t fyrir, to forebode, betoken. 
benda (-nda. -ndr), v. to bend (b. sverð um kné sér); b. boga, to bend a bow; b. höfuðit, to bow the head; refl., bendast á um e-t, to dispute, contest about.
benda, f. band, tie (cf. höfuðbenda). 
bendi, n. cord.
bendill, m. small cord, string.
bending, f. (1) sign, token; gera e-m bending, to make a sign to one; (2) foreboding, betokenig (víst eru þetta bendingar stórra bardaga).
bendr, pp. bended, bent (skjóta af bendum boga).
benja (að), v. to wound mortally (bróður minn hefr þú benjaðan). 
benja-lýsing, f. a sort of coroner's inquest upon a slain man; 
-váttr, m. a sort of coroner's juryman; 
-vætti, n. the verdict of a benjaváttr. 
ben-lauss, a. free from wounds; 
-logi, m. poet.'wound-flame', sword; 
-rögn, n. 'wound-drops'; 
-vöndr, m. poet. 'wound-wand', sword. 
benzl, n. pl. bent state of a bow taka boga af benzlum, to unbend it. 
ber (gen. pl. berja), n. berry. 
bera (ber; bar, bárum; borinn), v. I. (1) to bear, carry, convey (bar B. biskup í börum suðr í Hvamm); b. (farm) af skipi, to unload a ship; b. (mat) af borði, to take (the meat) off the table; b. e-t á hesti, to carry on horseback; (2) to wear (b. klæði, vápn , kórónu); b. œgishjálm, to inspire fear and awe; (3) to bear, produce, yield (jörðin berr gras; tré bera aldin, epli); (4) to bear, give birth to, esp. of sheep and cows; kýr hafði borit kálf, had calved; absol., ván at hón mundi bera, that the cow would calve; the pp. is used of men; hann hafði verit blindr borinn, born blind; verða borinn í þenna heim, to be born into this world; þann sóma, sem ek em til borinn, born to; borinn e-m, frá e-m (rare), born of; Nótt var Nörvi borin, was the daughter of N.; borinn Sigmundi, son of S.; (5) b. e-n afli, ofrafli, ofrliði , ofrmagni, ofríki, to bear one down, overcome, oppress, one by odds or superior force; b. e-n ráðum, to overrule one; b. e-n málum, to bear one down (wrongfully) in a lawsuit; b. e-n sök, to charge one with a fault; b. e-n bjóri, to make drunk with beer; verða bráðum borinn, to be taken by surprise; borinn verkjum, overcome by pains; þess er borin ván, there is no hope, all hope is gone; borinn baugurn,

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bribed; cf. bera fé á e-n, to bribe one; (6) to bear, be capable of bearing, (of a ship, horse, vehicle); þeir hlóðu bæði skipin sem borð báru, with as much as they could carry; fig., to sustain, support (svá mikill mannfjöldi, at landit fekk eigi borit); of persons, to bear up against, endure, support (grief, sorrow, &c.); absol., bar hann drengiliga, he bore it manfully; similarly, b. (harm) af sér, berast vel (illa, lítt) af; bar hon sköruliga af sér, she bore up bravely; hversu berst Auðr af um bróðurdauðann, how does she bear it? hon berst af lítt, she is much cast down; b. sik vel upp, to bear well up against; (7) b. e-t á, e-n á hendr e-m, to charge or tax one with (eigi erum vér þess valdir, er þú berr á oss); b. (kvið) á e-n, to give a verdict against, declare guilty (í annat sinn báru þeir á Flosa kviðinn); b. af e-m (kviðinn), to give a verdict for; b. e-t af sér, to deny having done a thing; b. or b. vitni, vætti, to bear witness, testify; b. or b. um e-t, to give a verdict in a case; b. e-n sannpn at sök, to prove guilty by evidence; b. e-n undan sök, to acquit; b. í sundr frændsemi þeirra, to prove (by evidence that they are not relations; b. e-m vel (illa) söguna, to give a favourable (unfavourable) account of one; refl. (pass-.), berast, to be proved by evidence (þótt þér berist þat faðerni, er þú segir); (8) to set forth, report, tell; b. e-m kveðju (orð, orðsending), to bring, one a greeting, compliments (word, message); b. or b. fram erindi sín fyrir e-n, to state (tell) one's errand or to 'plead one's case before one; b. e-m njósn, to apprise one; b. e-t upp, to produce, mention, tell; b. upp gátu, to give (propound) a riddle; b. upp erindi sín, to state one's errand; b. saman ráð sín, to consult together; eyddist það ráð, er þeir báru saman, which they had designed (9) to keep, hold, bear, of a title (b. jarlnafn, konnungsnafn); b. (eigi) giptu, gæfu, hammingju, auðnu til e-s, (not) to have the good fortune to do a thing bar han enga gæfu til at þjóna þér); vit. Skyn, kunnáttu á e-t, to have knowledge of, understanding about; vel viti borinn, endowed with a good understanding; b. hug; aræði, þor, traust til e-s, to have courage, confidence to do a thing; b. áhyggju fyrir e-u, to be concerned about; b. ást, elsku, hatr til e-s, to bear affection, love, hatred to; (10) to bear off or away, carry off (some gain); b. sigr af e-m, af e-u, to carry off the victory from or in; hann hafði borit sigr af tveim orustum, he had been victorious in two battles; b. hærra (lægra) hlut, to get the best (the worst) of it; b. efra (hærra) skjöld, to gain the victory; b. hátt (lágt) höfuðit, to bear the head high (low), to be in high (low) spirits; b. halann bratt, lágt, to cock up or let fall the tail, to be in high or low spirits; (11) with preps.; b. af e-m, to surpass; en þó bar Bolli af, surpassed all the rest; b. af sér högg, lag to ward off, parry a blow or thrust; b. eld at, to set fire to; b. fjötur (bönd) at e-m, to put fetters (bonds) on one; b. vápn á e-n, to attack one with sharp weapons; b. á or í, to smear, anoint (b. vatn í augu sér, b. tjöru í höfuð sér); b. e-t til, to apply to, to try if it fits (b. til hvern lykil af öðrum at portinu); b. e-t um, to wind round; þá bar hann þá festi um sik, made it fast round his body; b. um með e-n, to bear with, have patience with; b. út barn, to expose a child; (12) refl., berast mikit (lítit) á, to bear oneself proudly (humbly); láta af b., to die; láta fyrir b. e-s staðar, to stay, remain in a place (for shelter); b. e-t fyrir, to design a thing, (barst hann þat fyrir at sjá aldregi konur); at njósna um, hvat hann bærist fyrir, to inquire into what he was about; b. vápn á, to attack one another; b. at or til, to happen; þat barst at (happened) á einhverju sumri; ef svá harðliga kann til at b., if that misfortune does happen; b. í móti, to happen, occur; hefir þetta vel í móti borizt, it is a happy coincidence; b. við, to be prevented; ok nú lét almát-

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tugr guð við b. kirkjubrunann, prevented, stopped the burning of the church; II. impers., denoting a sort of passive or involuntary motion; (1) with acc., it bears or carries one to a place; alla berr at sama brunni, all come to the same well (end); bar hann (acc.) þá ofan gegnt Ösuri, he happened to come down just opposite to Ö.; esp. of ships and sailors; berr oss (acc.) til Íslands eða annarra landa, we drift to Iceland or other countries; þá (acc.) bar suðr í haf, they were carried out southwards; Skarpheðin (acc.) bar nú at þeim, S. came suddenly upon them; ef hann (acc.) skyldi bera þar at, if he should happen to come there; e-n berr yfir, one is borne onwards, of a bird flying, a man riding; hann (acc.) bar skjótt yfir, it passed quickly (of a flying meteor); (2) followed by preps.; Gunnar sér, at rauðan kyrtil bar við glugginn, that a red kirtle passed before the window; hvergi bar skugga (acc.) á, there was nowhere a shadow; e-t berr fram (hátt), is prominent; Ólafr konungr stóð í lyptingu ok bar hann (acc.) hátt mjök, stood out conspicuously; e-t berr á milli, comes between; leiti (acc.) bar á milli, a hill hid the prospect; fig. e-m berr e-t á milli, they are at variance about a thing; mart (acc.) berr nú fyrir augu mér, many things come now before my eyes; veiði (acc.) berr í hendr e-m, game falls to one's lot; e-t berr undan, goes amiss, fails; b. saman, to coincide; bar nöfn þeirra saman, they had the same name; fig., with dat.; bar öllum sögum vel saman, all the stories agreed well together; fund várn bar saman, we met; (3) b. at, til, við, at hendi, til handa, to befall, happen, with dat. of the person; svá bar at einn vetr, it happened one winter; þó at þetta vandræði (acc.) hafi nú borit oss (dat.) at hendi, has befallen us; bar honum svá til, it so befell him; þat bar við (it so happened), at Högni kom; raun (acc.) berr á, it is proved by fact; (4) of time, to fall upon; ef þing (acc.) berr á hina helgu viku, if the parliament falls in the holy week; b. í móti, to coincide, happen exactly at the same time; (5) denoting cause; e-t berr til, causes a thing; konungr spurði, hvat til bæri úgleði hans, what was the cause of his grief; ætluðu þat þá allir, at þat mundi til b., that that was the reason; berr e-m nauðsyn til e-s, one is obliged to do a thing; (6) e-t berr undir e-n, falls to a person's lot; hon á arf at taka, þegar er undir hana berr, in her turn; e-t berr frá, is surpassing; er sagt, at þat (acc.) bæri frá, hvé vel þeir mæltu, it was extraordinary how well they spoke; (7) e-t berr bráðum, happens of a sudden; e-t berr stóru, stórum (stœrrum), it amounts to much (more), it matters a great deal (more), it is of great (greater) importance; (8) absol. or with an adv., vel, illa, with infin.; e-m berr (vel, illa) at gera e-t, it becomes, beseems one (well, ill) to do a thing (berr yðr vel, herra, at sjá sannindi á þessu máli); used absol., berr vel, illa, it is beseeming, proper, fit, or unbeseeming, improper, unfit (þat þykkir eigi illa b., at).
bera (að), v. to make bare (hon beraði likam sinn).
bera, f. she-bear,=bima. 
ber-bakt, adv. bare-backed, without saddle (ríða -bakt); 
-beinn, a. barelegged; 
-brynjaðr, a. wearing a coat of mail with no garment over it; 
-dreymr, a. having clear dreams as to the future.
ber-fjall, n. bear-skin (cf 'bera'). 
ber-fœttr, a. bare-footed, barelegged; berfœttr bróðir, bare-footed friar, minorite.
berg, n. (1) rock, boulder; (2) cliff, precipice (framan í bergi). 
berg-búi, m. rock-dweller, giant; 
-danir, m. pl.= -búar; 
-hamarr, m. rocky precipice; 
-hlíð, f. the side of a berg, mountain slope; 
-högg, n. a quarrying tool.
bergi-biti, m. a bit to taste, small bit; 
-ligr, a. inviting to taste.
berging, f. tasting, taste.
bergisamligr, a. = bergiligr.

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bergja (-ða, -ðr), v. to taste, with dat.; þárgunna vildi øngum mat b., Th. would taste no food; b. ölvi, to taste (drink) ale; b. dauða, to taste death; also b. á e-u (enn höfum við eigi á dauða bergt). 
bergning, f. = berging (rare). 
berg-nös, f.= bergsnös; 
-rifa, f. fissure in a rock,= bjargrifa; 
-risi, m. hill-giant; 
-skor, f. rift in a rocky hill, = bjargskora; 
-snos, f. a rocky projection; 
-tollr, m. rock-toll, paid for catching fowl thereon; 
-vörðr, m. a watch or lookout for rocks and cliffs (halda bergvörð). 
ber-höfði, a. indecl. bare-headed; 
-högg, n. in the phrase, ganga í (or á) -högg við e-n, to enter into open fight with; Jóan gekk á berhögg at banna allar þær úhœfur, interdicted these abuses boldly and openly. 
berill, m. vessel, barrel for fluids (mjöðrinn var borinn í berlum). 
berindis, adv. openly (rare). 
berja (ber; barða, börðum; barðr, bariðr), v. (1) to beat, strike, smite (b. e-n); hár svá fagrt sem barit gull, as beaten gold; b. korn af hálmi, to thresh; b. húð af e-m, to scourge severely; b. e-n grjóti, to stone (= grýta); b. e-n illyrðum, ávítum, to abuse, reproach one; b. á. e-m, to attack one with blows, give one a thrashing,; b. á hurð, dyrr, at hurðu, at dyrum, to knock, rap at a door; b. sér á brjóst, to smite one's breast (in repentance); b. til e-s = b. á e-m; b. e-n til e-s, to drive one with blows to do a thing (verða barðr til bœkr); (2) with dit., b. grjóti i andlit e-m, to throw stones in one's face; b. saman vápnum, skjöldum, to dash weapons, shields against each other; b. (to neglect, slight) guðs boðum; b. e-u niðr (opp. to ljósta e-u upp), to hush up; (3) intrans., hjarta hans barði (beat, throbbed) undir síðunni; (4) impers., skýjagrjóti barði í augu þeim, hailstones dashed in their eyes; þeim barði saman, they dashed against each other; (5) refl., berjast, to fight (við e-n, with or against a person. við veðr, against bad weather; við e-m, for a person); b. á e-t, to assail attack (b. á borgina, á guðs lýð); þótt hann berðist lengi mót (offered resistance).
berja-vin, n. berry-wine. 
berkja (-ta, -t), v. to boast, brag. 
ber-kyrtlaðr, a. wearing the kirtle only, without cloak or mantle; 
-leggjaðr, -leggr, a. bare-legged: 
-liga, adv. (1) openly, barely (2) quite, altogether (berliga úviljandi) 
-ligr, a. open, manifest, clear. 
berlings-áss, m. pole (-áss digr þrettán alna langr). 
ber-málugr, a. outspoken; 
-mælgi, f., -mæli, n. pl. outspokenness, frankness; 
-mæltr, a. = -málugr. 
bernska, f. childhood (hann var þá í bernsku).
bernsk-liga, adv. childishly; 
-ligr, a. childish; 
bernskr, a. childish, childlike.
bernsku-aldr, m. years, days, of childhood; 
-bragð, n. childish trick;
-ligr, a. belonging to childhood, childish;
-maðr, m. childish person, youth;
-ráð, n. childish design.
berr, a. (1) bare, naked (lík bert ok blóðugt); undir berum himni, in the open air; hvíla á berri jörðu, on the bare ground; (2) open, clear, manifest; segja e-t berum orðum, in plain words verða berr at e-u, to be convicted of a thing; gøra e-t bert, to make known; gøra sik beran í e-u, to reveal, show one's mind in a thing; vóru berastir í því þrændir, the Th. were most undisguised in it. 
ber-serkr (-s, -ir), m. 'bear-sark', berserker, a wild warrior of the heathen age.
berserka-gangr. m. fury of the berserkers.
bersi, m., see 'bessi'. 
ber-shjaldaðr, a. without a shield; 
-syndugr, a. guilty of open sin (bersyndugr maðr); 
-sögli, f. outspokenness, freedom of speech. 
bert, adv. openly, clearly (mæla b.). 
ber-yrði, n. pl. = bermæli, bersögli. 
bessi (for 'bersi ', cf. 'bera ', f.), m. he-bear, Bruin.
besti, n. = bast.

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betr, adv. compar., (1) better; b. þœtti mér, I would rather; vánu b., better than expected; hafa b., to get the better of it; (2) more; leggit fram b. hit mikla skipit, bring further forward; þrjú hundruð ok þrír tigir ok sex b., to boot; ef hann orkar (or má) b., if he can do more; ekki máttu sumir inenn b. en fá staðizt, they, were just able to keep up against him; svá hár, at engi annarra tók b. en í öxl honum, reached higher than to his shoulder.
betra (að), v. to better, improve (b. líf sitt); refl. to become better; impers., þeir sögðu, at konungi betraðist mjök, that the king felt, much better. 
betran, f. bettering, improvement. 
betranligr, a. improvable. 
betr-feðrungr, m. a man better than his father, = feðr-betrungr. 
betri, a. compar., beztr, superl. better, best; þeim þótti betra at, they thought it better to; beztr bóndi, an excellent farmer; er mér hefir beztr verit, best (kindest) towards me; with gen., meðan bezt er sumars, during the best part of the summer. 
beygja (-ða, -ðr), v. to bend, bow (b. hálsinn fyrir e-m); b. e-m krók, to make it awkward for one. 
beyglast (að). v. refl. to become bent (spjótit beyglaðist).
beysta (-sta, -str), v. to beat; b. korn, to thresh; b. bakföllum, to pull hard at the oars.
beysti, n. ham, gammon of bacon. 
beytill, m. fescue-grass (?), cf. 'góibeytill '.
bezt (older 'bazt'), adv., superl. to 'vel', best; b. búinn, best equipted; b. allra manna, best of all men.
beztr (older 'baztr'), a. superl., see betri
biblia, f. the Bible; also 'biflia'. 
bið, n. pl. waiting, delay; góðr í bíðum, patient.
biða (að). v. to wait; b. e-s, to wait for (þeir biðuðu þeirra).
biða, f. awaiting (rare).
biðan, f. delay, biding.
bið-angr, m. = biðan, biðvangr.
biðill (pl. biðlar), m. wooer, suitor.
biðja (bið; bað, báðum; beðinn), v. (1) to ask, beg a thing of one (b. e-n e-s); with infin., to beg one to do a thing; inn bið þú hann ganga, ask him to step in; with the infin. sign 'at', to beg leave; biðr hann at fara norðr á Hálogaland, asked for furlough to go to H.; with 'at' and a subj. (biðja viljum vér, at þú sér í liðsbóninni með oss); b. e-s, to beg for a thing (b. miskunnar, matar); b. e-m e-s, to beg for a thing on behalf of one; b. e-m lífs, griða, to beg for one's life, to sue for quarter for another; b. sér ölmusu, to ask for alms; b. (sér) konu, to ask in marriage; b. fyrir e-m, to intercede (pray) for one; (2) to pray to God (b. til guðs); b. bœn sína (bœnar sinnar, bœn sinni), to say one's prayer; (3) refl., biðjast fyrir, to say one's prayers; b. undan, to excuse oneself (from doing a thing). 
bið-leika (að), v. to wait, stay, tarry (= 'biða').
bið-lund, f. forbearance, patience. 
biðlundar-góðr, a. patient; 
-mál, n. a matter that can wait. 
bið-lyndi, n., -stóll, m. (rare), = bið-lund.
bið-stund, f. time passed in waiting delay, respite.
biðstundar-tími, m. = biðstund. 
bið-vangr, m. = biðangr. 
bifast (-ð and að), v. refl. (1) to shake, tremble (allr Ása salr undir bifðist); (2) to be moved; vagninn bifast hvergi, cannot be moved. 
bif-röst, f. poet., mythical name of the rainbow.
bik, n. pitch (svartr sem b.; biki svartari); 
bika (að), v. to pitch. 
bikarr, m. large drinking cup, beaker (cf. 'sáttar-bikarr'). 
bikkja, f. bitch (= grey, tik). 
bikkja (-ta, -tr), v. to plunge into water; hann bikkti sér út af borðinu, hann bikkti í sjóinn, he plunged overboard.
bikkju-hvelpr, m. bitch's whelp; 
-sonr, m. son of a bitch; 
-stakkr, m. skin of a bitch.
bil, n. (1) an open space left (b. er

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þarna); (2) moment; þat bil, that very moment; í því bili, at the same moment, just then.
bila (að), v. (1) to give way, break, crack; þá er skipit hljóp af stokkunum. þá bilaði í skarar nökkurar, some of the seams gave way; (2) with dat., flestum bilar áræðit, most people lose heart; with infin., Þórr vill fyrir engan mun b. at koma til einvígis, Th. will by no means fail to meet; (3) impers., hug ok áræði mun mik aldregi b., I shall never be wanting in courage and pluck.
bil-bugr, m. failing of heart, giving way; láta engan -bug á sér sjá, to show no sign of fear, stand firm. 
bilt, a. n., only in the phrase, e-m verðr b., one is startled, alarmed; Þór (dat.) varð b. einu sinni (for once Thor's heart failed him) at slá hann með hamrinum.
bimbult a. n., in the phrase, e-m er b., one feels uneasy (kerling fær ekki sofnat um nóttina, svá var henni bimbult).
binda (bind; batt, bundum; bundinn), v. (1) to bind, tie, fasten, tie up; b. hest, hund, to tie up a horse, dog; b. skó, þvengi, to tie shoes, thongs; b. stein við háls e-m, to fasten a stone to one's neck; b. fyrir augu e-m, to blindfold one; (2) to bind in parcels, to pack up (b. varning til skips); b. hey á hest, to truss hay on a horse's back; b. korn, to tie up sheaves of corn; b. klyf, to tie up a pack; (3) b. e-t um e-t, to bind round; hann batt silkiræmu um fót sér, he bound a strip of silk round his leg; b. um e-t, to put a bandage on; batt Yngvildr um fót honum, bound up his (wounded) leg; b. um sár, to bind up a wound; fig., hefir margr hlotit um sárt at b. fyrir mér, many a man has had wounds to tie up by my means (i.e. inflicted by me); þykkir mér bezt um heilt at b., to bind a sound limb, to keep safe and sound; b. sár = b. um sár; b. hönd e-s, to bind his hand; (4) to make, form, contract, enter into (b. samfélag, vináttu, tengdir, hjúskap); b. sætt ok frið, to make a reconciliation and peace; b. ráð, to resolve; absol. with infin., to fix, engage (bundu þeir Þórir at hittast á ákveðnum stáð); (5) refl., to bind or engage oneself; em ek þó eigi þess búinn, nema fleiri bindist, unless more persons bind themselves, enter the league; b. á hendi (höndum) e-m, to bind oneself to serve another (b. á hendi konungum); b. fyrir e-u, to put oneself at the head of an undertaking; b. (= binda sik) í e-u, to engage in a thing (b. í heitum); b. í banns atkvæði; to bring on oneself the sentence of excommunication; with gen. (b. e-s = b. af or frá e-u), to refrain from a thing; eigi bazt hann ferligra orða, he did not refrain from bad words.
bindandi, f. = bindendi.
bindandis-tími, m. time of abstinence.
bindendi, f. and n. abstinence (b. matar ok drykkjar ok margra annara girnda).
bindendis-kraptr, m. virtue of abstinence; 
-lauss, a. licentious; 
-lif, n. life of abstinence; 
-maðr, m. an ascetic.
bingr, m. bed, bolster (statt upp úr binginum).
birgðir, f. pl. stores, provisions. 
birgiligr, a. serviceable, useful. 
birgja (-ða, -ðr). v., b. e-n at e-u, to furnish, provide one with a thing (nú vil ek b. bú þitt at málnytuísumar). 
birgr, a. well-furnished, provided (at e-u) with a thing (b. at kosti). 
birki-, in compds., birch-. 
birkinn, a. birchen; only in 'birkinn viðr' = birkiviðr.
birki-raptr, m. birch-rafter; 
-viðr, m. birch-wood.
birkja (-ta, -tr), v. to bark, strip off the bark from a tree (b. við).
birkja, f. birch-juice.
birna, f. she-bear, = bera.
birta (-rta, -rtr), v. (1) to brighten, light up, illuminate; var birt allt hlýrit (the bow of the vessel was made bright) bæði hvítum steini ok rauðum; stjörnur birta náttina, light up the night; b. blinda, to make the

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blind see; b. hjörtu vár, to enlighten our hearts; b. rœðu, to elucidate, make it clearer; impers., veðrit (acc. birtir, it clears up; Þokunni (dat.) birtir, the fog lifts; (2) to reveal, manifest, show (skjótt mun ek b. mitt skaplyndi); with dat., b. ást sinni, to manifest one's love; refl., birtast, to appear (birtist Þá skaði Þeirra); dagrinn birtist, the day dawns; b. e-m, to appear to one.
birta, f. (1) brightness, fair complexion; (2) = birti.
birtari, m. revealer.
birti, n. brightness, light.
birting, f. (1) brightness; (2) revelation; birtingar tíð, the Epiphany.
birtingr, m. a kind of fish, sea-trout (?).
biskup (-s, -ar), m. (1) bishop; (2) the Jewish high-priest.
biskupa (að), v. to confirm (b. börn), = ferma.
biskupa-fundr, m., -mót, n. synod of bishops.
biskupan, f. confirmation, = ferming. 
biskupa-Þing, n. council of bishops. 
biskup-dómr, m. = biskupsdómr;
-liga, adv. episcopally; 
-ligr, a. episcopal; biskupligt embætti, the office of bishop.
biskups-búningr, m. bishop's robes;
-búr, n. bishop's larder; 
-dómr, m. (1) dignity or rank of a bishop; (2) the period during which a bishop holds office, episcopate (í -dómi e-s); (3) episcopal see, bishopric; 
-dóttir, f. bishop's daughter; 
-dœmi, n. = -dómr (3); 
-efni, n. bishop-elect;
-frændi, m. relative of a bishop;
-garðr, m. bishop's manor; 
-gisting, f.; -herbergi, n. pl. bishop's apartments; 
-kør, n., -kosning, f. election of a bishop; 
-lauss, a. without a bishop (landit er -laust); 
-maðr, m. one in the service of a bishop;
-mark, n. sign of a bishop;
-mágr, m. brother-in-law of a bishop; 
-messa, f. a mass celebrated by a bishop;
-mítr, n. bishop's mitre; 
-nafn, n. title of a bishop; 
-ríki, n. episcopal see, bishopric; 
-sekt, f. a fine to be paid to the bishop; 
-skattr, m. a duty to be paid to the bishop (in Norway); 
-skrúð, n., -skrúði, m. bishop's robes; 
-sonr, m. son of a bishop; 
-stafr, m. bishop's staff, crosier; 
-stjórn, f. administration of a bishop; 
-stóll, m. (1) episcopal seat; (2) bishopric; 
-sýsla, f. (1) = -stjórn; (2) province of a bishop, diocese; 
-tign, f. dignity or rank of a bishop; 
-tíund, f. the tithe to be paid to the bishop (in Iceland); 
-vatn, n. water consecrated by the bishop Guðmund; 
-veldi, a. episcopal power; 
-vígsla, f. consecration of a bishop.
bismara-pund, n. a certain weight. 
bismari, m. steel-yard (mælir ok pundari ok bismari).
bisund, f. a gold coin, besant (foreign word).
bit, n. (1) bite (at tönnunum er bitsins ván); (2) sharpness, edge (of cutting instruments); (3) pasture = beít (Norse).
bita (að), v. (1) to cut into bits; (2) b. út (útbita), with dat., to extend, distend, stretch out.
bit-bein, n. bone of contention (hafa ríki Þessi lengi at öfund orðit ok
-beinum); 
-hundr, m. snappish dog. 
biti, m. (1) bit, mouthful; biðja bitum, to go begging; (2) eyetooth (upp eru komnir bitar ok jaxlar); (3) cross-beam, cross-girder.
bitill m. = bitull.
bitlaðr, pp. bitted, bridled; cf. 'gullbitlaðr'.
bitlingr, m. bit, morsel; stela bitlingum, to steal trifles.
bitr (acc. bitran), a. (1) biting, snapping (b. naðra); (2) cutting, sharp (bitrt sverð); (3) painful, bitter (b. tregi); 
-leikr m. bitterness; 
-ligr, a, sharp, keen (-ligt sverð).
bit-sótt, f. disease (of cattle, sheep) from vermin.
bitull, m. the bit of a bridle.
bíða (bíð; beið, biðum; beðit), v. (1) to abide, wait for, with gen., bíð þú mín hér, wait for me here; Þeir biðu byrjar, they waited for favourable wind; b. sinnar stundar, to bide one's time; b. e-s ór stað

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(þaðan, héðan), to stand waiting in the same place (there, here); var eigi langt at b., at (it was not long before) sannaðist saga ábóta míns; (2) to suffer, undergo, sustain, with acc., b. bana (dauða, hel), skaða, to suffer death, loss; b. ámæli, to be blamed; b. ósigr, to be defeated; b. enga ró, to feel no peace, be uneasy; b. bót (bœtr) e-s, to recover, overcome; (3) e-t bíðr e-s, is in store for one, awaits one (fagnaðu, vin minn, því at þín bíðr eilífr fagnaðr); (4) impers., e-t (acc.) bíðr, there is, there is to be had, with a preceeding negative; hvárki bíðr þar báru né vinds blæ, there is felt neither wave nor breath of air; varla beið brauð eðr fœðu, was scarcely to be had.
bíðandi, f. biding, waiting, delay. 
biðendr, m. pl. those who wait; b. eigu byr, get a fair wind. 
bíldóttr, a. spotted on the cheeks (of a sheep).
bíldr, m. an instrument for letting blood, lancet (örit var sem bílds spor yæri, a scar as from a b.).
bíld-ör, f. a kind of arrow.
bílífi, n. luxury, = býlífi.
bíta (bít; beit, bitum; bitinn), v. (1) to bite with the teeth (hundr bítr mann; E. beit skarð ór horninu); b. gras, to graze, also absol. (naut bitu á velli); b. af e-m eyrun, to bite his ears; b. e-t í sundr, to bite asunder or through; b. á vörrinni, kampinum, to bite the lip, the beard; impers., of fish, to bite, take the bait (bítr vel á um daginn') (2) Of sharp instruments, weapons þeir er eigi bitu járn, those whom iron could not bite; sverðit beit eigi, did not cut; e-m bítr, one's weapon (scythe) cuts well (allt bitu honum annan veg vápnin); fig., beit þetta ráð, was effective; (3) of a ship, to go near the wind; skip, er vér köllum b. allra skipa bezt, the best sailer; impers., beit þeim eigi fyrir Reykjanes, they could not clear or weather Reykjaness; (4) fig., to bite, sting, hurt (þik skulu allir eiðar b., þeir er Helga hafðir unna); sekt, sök bítr e-n, one is convicted or found guilty; þau mál, sem sekt bítr, matters liable to punishment; b. á e-n, to affect, make an impression on one; þetta lét Kjartan á sik b., K. took this to heart; láta e-t eigi á sik b., to be proof against, to be unaffected by a thing; (5) e-t bítr fyrir, is decisive, decides or settles the matter, esp. so as to render it impossible; b. e-m at fullu, to prove fatal to (hafa mik nú at fullu bitit hans ráð); (6) refl., bítast (of horses), to bite, in fighting (var honum mikil forvitni, hvé bítast vildi hestrinn) to bite one another (bítast sem hundar eða hestar).
bjalla, f. bell (hann vigði klukkur ok bjöllur).
bjannak, n. benediction (from Irish beannacht).
bjarg, n. (1) rock, boulder; (2) precipice, cliff (by the sea).
bjarga (berg; barg, burgum; borginn), v. (1) to help, save, with dat.; nema Þ. byrgi honum, unless Th. helped him; sá er öldum bergr, who saves mankind (viz. against the giants, i.e. Thor); guðs son er öllum heimi barg, who saved the whole world; impers., e-m er borgit, one is saved, comes safe and sound out of danger (brutu skip sitt ok týndu fé öllu, en mönnum varð borgit flestum); b. skipshöfn, to rescue the shipwrecked; b. skipi, to haul a ship out of the reach of the tide; b. hval, to secure a dead whale (by dragging it ashore); b. konum, to help labouring women (cf. 'bjargrúnar'); b. kúm, to attend cows calving; b. nám, to render the last service to dead bodies (cf. 'nábjargir'); b. sök, máli, to succeed in winning a case, a suit; (2) refl., bjargast, to keep up the heart, esp. against cold or hunger; Oddr bargst vel á fjallinu (in a snow storm); b. sjálfr, to gain one's bread; b. á sínar hendr, to support oneself with one's own hands; b. úti, to find one's food (graze) in the field (of cattle); Snorri góði fann, at nafni hans bargst lítt við ostinn, that he got on slowly with eating the cheese;

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verði þér nú at b. við slík sem til er, you must now put up with what you can get.
bjarga (að), v. (rare), = preceding (bjargat mun málinu verða). 
bjargar-vist, f. a situation which yields food and clothing.
bjarg-aurar, m. pl. means enough for support. 
bjarg-gengr, a. clever at climbing on fowling cliffs (cf 'ganga í bjarg'). 
bjarg-hagr, a. a dexterous carpenter or smith for household work. 
bjarg-högg, n. instrument for hewing steps in a rock.
bjarg-kostr, m. means of support; 
-kviðr, m. verdict of acquittal; 
-leysi, n. starvation, destitution; 
-ráð, n. (1) means of salvation; (2) advice given to an outlaw with intent to save his life.
bjarg-rifa, f. rift in a rock, = bergrifa.
bjarg-rúnar, f. pl. runes for helping women in labour; 
-rýgr (rýgjar, -rýgir), f. midwife.
bjarg-skora, f. rift in a rocky hill, = bergskor.
bjargs-maðr, m. a self-supporting person.
bjarg-snös, f. = bergsnös; 
-steinn, m. boulder, craig.
bjarg-vel, adv. well enough. 
bjarg-vættr, f. helping sprite, good genius.
bjarkan, n. the runic letter B. 
bjarkeyjar-réttr, m. town-law. 
Bjarmar. m. pl., name of a people or tribe of the Russian empire, the Perms of the present day. 
bjarnar-báss, m. = bjarnbáss 
-hamr, m. the hide, shape of a bear; 
-híð, n. a black bear's lair; 
-hold, n. bear's flesh; 
-hrammr, m. bear's paw; 
-slátr, n. meat of a slaughtered bear.
bjarn-báss, m. a pit for catching bears; 
-dýri, n. bear; 
-eggjan, f. brutal provocation; 
-feldr, m. bear-skin cloak; 
-fell, n. bear's fell, bear's skin; 
-gjöld, n. pl. reward for killing a bear; 
-húnn, m. bear's cub 
-igull, m. a kind of sea-urchin;
-ólpa, f. = bjarnskinnsólpa; 
-skinn, n. bearskin.
bjarnskinns-ólpa, f. a bearskin cloak.
bjarn-staka, f. bearskin; 
-sviða, f. large knife for killing bears; 
-veiðar, f. pl. bear-hunting (fara á -veiðar); 
-ylr, m. bear's warmth, the vital warmth of an ice-bear. 
bjart-eygðr, -eygr, a. bright-eyed;
-haddaðr a. fair-haired; 
-leikr, m. brightness; 
-leitr, a. fair-complexioned; 
-liga, adv. clearly, plainly; 
-litaðr, a. light-coloured.
bjartr, a. (1) bright, shining (bjart ljós, sólskin); (2) illustrious (með björtum sigri).
bjart-viðri, n. clear weather. 
bjálfi (or bjálbi), m. fur, skin, esp. in compds., hreinbjálfi, geitbjálfi. 
bjálki, m. balk, beam.
bjóð, n. (1) small table; (2) small bowl.
bjóða (býð; bauð, buðum; boðinn), v. (1) to offer; þeir hofðu boðit honum laun, they had offered him rewards; Þ. bauð at gefa (offered to give) Gunnlaugi hestinn; b. grið, to offer pardon; b. e-t til lífs sér, as a ransom for one's life; b. e-t fram, to proffer, produce (b. fram vitni); b. e-t upp, af hendi, to give up, leave off; þá býðr hann upp hornit, gives up the horn, will not drink more; b. e-t undan e-m, to offer to take a thing off one's hands (er þá kostr at b. undan þeim manni varðveizluna fjárins); b. e-t við, to make a bid; b. við tvenn verð, to bid double; refl., bjóðast, to offer oneself, volunteer one's service; Þóroddr bauzt (offered himself) til þeirrar farar; (2) to do a thing to one, in a bad sense; b. e-m ógn, to wage war against one; b. e-m ójöfnuð, ofriki, to treat unfairly, oppress; b. e-m ógn, to affright, terrify; b. e-m rangt, to treat one unjustly; (3) to bid, invite (b. e-m til sín or heim); b. mönnum til boðs, to bid guests to a banquet, wedding; (4) to bid, order; sem lög buðu, as the law prescribed; b. e-m erendi, to commit a thing to one's charge; b.

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e-m varnað á e-u, to forbid; b. e-m af landi, to order one out of the land; b. e-m af embætti, to depose one; b. út liði, skipum, to levy, troops, ships; b. e-m um, to delegate to one, to commit to one's charge (þeim manni er biskup hefir um boðit at nefna vátta); (5) to proclaim, announce; b. trú (kristni), to proclaim, preach a religion (the Christian faith); b. messudag, to proclaim a holy day; (6) of a mental state, to have presentiment of; e-m býðr e-t í hug (skap), one has a fore boding, presentiment of; mér býðr e-t fyrir, I forebode; mér býðr hugr við e-u, I abhor, dislike; impers., mér býðr ávallt hita (acc.), er ek kem í þeirra flokk, I feel uneasy whenever ...; mér bauð ótta, I felt a fear; bauð þeim mikla þekt (they felt much pleasure), er þeir sá líkit; ef yðr býðr svá við at horfa, when you are in such a frame of mind; (7) býðr e-m, it beseems, becomes one; sem konungsbarni býðr, as befits a princess; eptir þat fór vígsla fram eptir því sem býðr, as it is due, or proper.
bjór-blandaðr, pp. mixed with beer. 
bjórr, m. beer (öl heitir með mönnum, en með Ásum b.). 
bjórr (-s, -ar), m. (1) triangular cut off piece of skin (bjórar þeir, er menn sníða ór skóm sínum fyrir tám eða hæl); (2) triangular strip of land, = geiri (b. lá ónuminn fyrir austan Fljót); (3) front wall, party wall; engi var bjórrinn milli húsanna, there was no partition between the houses; (4) a sort of tapestry of triangular shape (var stofan vel tjölduð ok settir upp bjórar).
bjórr (-s, -ar), m. beaver, esp. the beaver's skin (b. ok safali). 
bjór-reifr, a. cheerfull from beer drinking; 
-sala, f. vending of beer; 
-salr, m. beer-hall.
bjór-skinn, n. beaver skin; 
-skinnfeldr, m. cloak made of beaver skin.
bjór-tunna, f. barrel of beer; 
-veig, f. beer; 
-verpill, m. beer-cask.
bjúga (pl. bjúgu), n. sausage (cf. mörbjúga').
bjúg-leikr, m. crookedness; 
-leltr, a. of crooked countenance; 
-nefjaðr, a. hook-nosed, = nefbjúgr.
bjúgr, a. bowed, hooked, crooked, bent; hann var b. á. baki, he sat bent or bowed (from age) on horseback; hvárt er yðr þykkir bjúgt eða beint, whether it seems to you crooked or straight, whether you like it or not. 
bjöð, f. flat land; áðr Börs synir bjöðum of yptu, ere the sons of B. raised the ground.
björg (gen. bjargar, pl. bjargir), f. (1) help, deliverance, out of need or danger, esp. help (food, shelter, transport) given to an outlaw (veita e-m b., einnar nætr b.); lögmæt b., lawful point of defence (in pleading in the Court); (2) means of subsistence, stores, provisions (fjögurra missera b.).
björk (gen. bjarkar), f. birch, birchtree.
björn (gen. bjarnar, pl. birnir, acc. björnu), m. bear (hvítabjörn, the white bear; híðbjörn, skógbjörn, urðbjörn, viðbjörn, the black bear).
blað, n. (1) leaf of a plant; (2) leaf in a book; (3) blade of a knife (knífsblað), of an oar (árarblað); (4) skirt of a kirtle, shirt, cloak (kyrtilblað, skyrtublað, feldarblað). 
blaðra (að), v. (1) to flutter to and fro, as a leaf in the wind (sá þeir, at tungan blaðraði); (2) with dat., to move (the tongue) to and fro (hann blaðraði tungunni ok leitaði við at mæla); to wag the tail (b. halanum); (3) absol., to utter inarticulately (blaðrar ok bendir hann); with acc. (blaðrandi þessi orð). 
blaðra, f. bladder; brain.
blak, n. slap (with the open hand).
blaka (að and -ta), v. (1) to flutter, wave (of the leaves of a tree); (2) with dat., b. vængjunum, to flap the wings; (3) with acc., b. e-n, to give one a slap.
blaka, f. (1) veil (cf. 'silkiblaka'); (2) fan. 
blakk-fjallr, a. with black hide (birnir blakkfjallir). 
blakkr, a. black, dun-coloured (beittu, Sigurðr, enn blakka mar). 
blakkr, m. poet. a dun-coloured horse.

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blakra (að), v. to flutter with the wings.
bland, n. (1) mixture; í b. við e-n, in company with; í b. með e-m, among; (2) sexual intercourse (hafa konu í b. = til lags við sik). 
blanda (blend; blétt, bléndum; blandinn), v. to blend, mix, e-t e-u, with a thing (b. mjöð, drykk, eitri); b. e-t saman, to mix together (b. saman hvítt ok rautt); more common, b. e-u við e-t; b. vatni við vín, to mix wine with water; b. mötuneyti (dat.,) við e-n, to eat together with one; refl., blandast við e-n, to have intercourse with one, esp. of sexual intercourse (blandast við konur af heiðnum þjóðum).
blanda (að), v. = prec.
blanda, f. mixture of two fluids (fór fyrst ór blóð, siðan blanda), esp. sour whey mixed with water. 
blandan, f. mixing, blending. 
blandinn, pp. (cf 'blanda', v.) mixed; Helgi var b. mjök, had a mixed creed; hón er blandin mjök, she is a woman of mixed report. 
blauðast (að), v. refl., = bleyðast. 
blauð-hugaðr, a. = blauthugaðr; 
-liga, adv. cowardly. 
blauðr, a. (1) weak, cowardly; bíð nú, ef þú ert eigi b., if thou art not a coward; (2) feminine, opp. to 'hvatr', but only used of animals, dogs, cats, fishes; hafit nú hendr á hundinum, þótt b. sé, take the dog, though it be a bitch.
blaut-barn, n., in the phrase, frá -barns beini = frá blautu barns beini, see 'blauti '
-flakr, m. fresh fish;
-holdr, a. having soft, smooth flesh (mærin var væn ok -hold); 
-hugaðr, a. faint-hearted (opposed to 'harðhugaðr'); 
-klæddr, pp. clothed in soft raiment (eða vildut þér sjá -klæddan mann?); 
-leikr, m. softness; 
-lendr, a. soft, moist-soiled; 
-liga, adv. effeminately (klæddr -liga); 
-ligr, a. soft, voluptuous (blautligir kossar) blautlig kvæði, amorous ditties. 
blautr, a. (1) soft (b. sem silkiræma); b. fiskr, fresh fish, opp. to 'harðr fiskr'; frá blautu barns beini, from very babyhood; (2) effeminate, timorous, weak (fár er gamall harðr, ef hann er í bernsku b.); (3) wet, soaked (þar vóru vellir blautir, því at regn höfðu verit).
blá-ber, n. blueberry, bilberry 
-brúnaðr, a. bluish brown; 
-djúp, n. the blue deep sea; 
-eygðr, -eygr, a. blue-eyed; 
-fastr, a. quite immovable; 
-fáinn, -fár, a. with a bluish polish; 
-feldr, m. cloak of blue fur; 
-flekkóttr, a. speckled with blue; 
-hvítr, a. bluish white; 
-kápa, f. blue cloak;
-kinn, f. blue cheek; 
-klæddr, pp. dressed in blue; 
-leitr, a. blue-faced, black-faced; 
-lendingr, m. Ethiopian; 
-lenzkr, a. Ethiopian, from Bláland, Ethiopia; 
-maðr, m. a black man, negro. 
bláman, f. the livid colour of a bruise. 
blá-mengdr, -mengjaðr, a. blue-mingled; 
-merktr, pp. a. marked with blue.
blámi, m. lividness, = bláman. 
blána (að), v. to become blue or livid (þrútna ok b. í andliti). 
blár, a. (1) blue, livid (b. ok bóðugr); (2) black (b. sem kol); falda blá, to wrap the head in black. 
blá-rendr, a. blue-striped (-rendar brœkr).
blása (blæs; blés, blésum; blásinn), v. (1) to blow, of the wind; blásandi byrr, a spanking breeze; (2) to blow with the mouth (hann blés í kross yfir drykk sínum); to pant (hestrinn tók at frýsa ok b.); b. við to draw a deep breath, to sigh (jarl blés þá við mœðiliga); fig., b. móti e-m, to be unfavourably disposed towards one; (3) with dat., to set in motion by blowing or breathing; blés mœðiliga öndinni, breathed hard; b. e-m e-u í brjóst, to inspire, suggest a thing to one (guð blés henni því í brjóst); b. eldi, eitri, of serpents; (4) to blow with a musical instrument; b. lúðri, horni, to blow the trumpet, horn; b. liði (troops) til land-göngu; b. til stefnu, to a meeting; b. herblástr, to sound an alarm; (5) to melt, cast (b. gullmálm , rauða); yxn tveir ór eiri blásnir (cast); (6) to

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blow up, inflate (sem belgr blásinn); (7) impers., blés upp fótinn, kviðinn, the leg, belly, swelled up; of land, to be laid bare, stripped of the turf (hafði blásit hauginn ok lá silfrit bert).
blásari, m. blower of a trumpet or horn.
blá-silfr. n. bad silver, opp. to 'skírt silfr'.
blásinn, pp. (1) inflated (belgr b.) (2) swollen (sýndist fótrinn b.) (3) stripped of turf, bare, barren (mel-torfa blásin mjök).
blá-stafaðr, a. blue-striped (segl blástafat).
blástr (gen. blástrar and blástar, dat. blæstri and blæsti), m. (1) blast, blowing of the wind; (2) blowing of an animal, hissing of a serpent (heyrði blást drekanna); (3) breathing, breath (málit gørist af blæstrinum); (4) blast of a trumpet; (5) blowing of a bellows; (6) swelling of the body or a limb, mortification. 
blástr-belgr, m. bellows; 
-horn. n. trumpet, horn; 
-járn, n. blast iron (cast, not wrought); 
-pipa, f. flute; 
-samr, a. windy; 
-svalr, a. cold-blowing.
blá-svartr, a. raven-black; 
-tönn, blue-black tooth, a nickname. 
bleðgi or blegði, m. wedge, plug. 
bleðja (bleð, bladda, bladdr), v. (1) to pick off (leaves or fruit); fig. to kill off one by one (b. hirðina or b. hirðina af) (2) to tear asunder (b. klæði sín) (3) to cover, as with a leaf (b. ásjónuna).
bleik-álóttr, a. fawn-coloured with a dark stripe down the back (-álóttr hestr); 
-hárr, a. fair-haired; 
-hvítr, a. yellowish white.
bleikja (-ta, -tr), v. to bleach (b. lérept); b. hadda sína, to wash the hair (said of women). 
bleikja, f. chalk or white clay. 
bleikr, a. pale, whitish; bleikt hár, fair hair; b. á hár, fair-haired; (wan, pallid) ok blóðlauss; b. sem nár, deadly pale; b. sem bast, pale as bast.
blek, n. ink; 
-horn, n. inkstand. 
blekki-liga, adv. delusively; 
-ligr, a. delusive (blekkilig er þessa heims hamingja).
blekking, f. derision, fraud. 
blekkinga-maðr, m. deceiver. 
blekkingar-andi, m. lying spirit. 
blekkja (-ta, -tr). v. to impose upon, deceive; refl., blekkjast, to be disappointed.
blek-skortr, m. lack of ink. 
blendingr, m. (1) blending, mixture; (2) a being half man and half giant (b. en ekki fullkomit troll). 
blesóttr, a. having a blaze or white mark, on the forehead (b. hestr). 
blest-mæltr, blestr, a. lisping. 
bletsa (að), v. = bleza. 
bleyða. f. craven, = bleyðimaðr. 
bleyða (-dda, -ddr), v. to dishearten, humble (ef þú bleyðir hjarta þitt); refl., bleyðast, to lose heart or courage (= verða blauðr).
bleyði, f. cowardice; 
-maðr, m. coward; 
-mannligr, a. cowardly, craven; 
-mark, n. mark of cowardice; 
-orð, n. charge of cowardice; leggja -orð at baki e-m, to charge one with being a coward (blauðr); bera bleyðiorð fyrir e-m, to be called a coward by one.
bleyta, f. mud, mire.
bleyta (-tta, -ttr), v. to make soft, moisten (b. húð); b. hjarta, skaphöfn e-s, to soften one's heart, temper. 
bleza (að), v. to bless (blezaði guð þá hinn sjaunda daginn); also with dat. (guð blezaði bæði fuglum ok fiskum).
blezaðar-fullr, a. rich in blessing. 
blezan, f. bressing, benediction.
blezanar-andi, m. spirit of blessing;
-orð, n. pl. words of blessing.
bliat or bliaz, n. a kind of costly stuff (for. word).
blik, n. (1) gleam, sheen; (2) bleaching (liggja á bliki); (3) vizor of a helmet.
blika (að), v. to gleam, twinkle (of shields).
blik-hvítr, a. white-gleaming (of a shield).
blikna (að), v. to grow (turn) pale or pallid (b. af hræzlu, hugleysi). 
bliknan f. growing pale.

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blikra (að), v. impers., e-m blikrar, one feels uneasy or anxious. 
blinda (að), v. to blind, derive of sight (dróttinn blindaði augu þeirra); hann blindar sjálfan sik allra sanninda, he blinds himself to all truth. 
blindi, f. blindness. 
blindingr, m. hidden peg, dowel. 
blind-leiki, -leikr, m. blindness. 
blindr, a. blind; b. báðum augum, blind of both eyes; hann háfði verit b. borinn, born blind; with gen., b. ens sauna um e-t, blind as to the truth or reality about a thing; e-m er e-t blint, it is obscure, hidden to one; Einarr lét sér þat blint vera, E. professed ignorance about it.
bliða, f. friendliness, gentleness hófst þá enn at nýju b. (friendly relations) með þeim mágum.
bliða (-dda, -ddr), v. = blíðka.
blíðast (að), v. refl. = blíðkast.
blíðindi, n. pl. comforts, delights. 
bliðing, f. enticement, allurement. 
bliðka (að), v. to soften, mitigate (b. e-n með gjöfum); refl., blíðkast, to grow mild; b. e-m, to insinuate oneself into one's favour. 
blíðkan, f. caressing, caresses. 
blíð-látr, a. displaying friendliness or kindness; 
-leikr, m. (1) friendliness, gentleness; (2) mildness, balminess (-leikr loptsins); 
-leitr, a. of mild countenance; 
-liga, adv. kindly, with kindness (taka, fagna e-m -liga); 
-ligr, a. (1) gentle, friendly (-ligr í yfirbragði); (2) delightful; 
-lundabr, a. of gentle disposition; 
-leati. n. caressing; 
-mæli, n. pl. fair words, blandishments; 
-mæltr, a. affable, bland.
bliðr, a. (1) gentle, friendly (vera b. ok þekkr við menn); (2) pleasant, agreeable; þat er þér blíðara, that pleases you better; (3) mild, balmy (blítt véðr).
blíðskapar-orð, n. friendly word. 
blið-skapr (-ar), m. friendliness, kindness; caresses (eiga -skap með konu).
blíðu-bragð, n. friendly mien ( = blítt yfirbragð); caressing; 
-fullr, a. friendly.
blið-viðri, n. mild weather; 
-yrði, pl., = blíðmæli.
bligja (-ða, -t), v. to gaze (blígja augum).
blíkja (blík; bleik, bliku; ---), v. an obsolete verb, = blika.
blístra, f. the mouthpiece of bellows. 
blistra (að), v. to whistle; b. í spor e-m or e-s, to whistle after one who has run away.
blístran, f. whistling (with the mouth).
blota-maðr, m. effeminate person.
blotna (að), v. to become soft or moist; fig., to give way, yield (b. við e-t, fyrir e-m).
blóð, n. (1) blood; rann honum mjök b., he lost much blood; nema (taka) e-m b., to bleed one; vekja e-m b., to draw blood of one; ganga blóði, to have a hemorrhage or dysentery, blanda bloði saman, to enter into foster-brothership by mixing blood together; (2) offspring, blood-relations.
blóð-band, n. bandage to stop bleeding, esp. pl. (-bönd); 
-bogi, m. gush or jet of blood; 
-bolli, m. = blótbolli; 
-drefjar, f. pl. scattering of blood; 
-dreif, f. sprinkling (streak) of blood; 
-drekkr, m. one who drinks blood; 
-drif, n. flowing of blood; 
-dropi, m. drop of blood; 
-drykkja, f. drink of blood; 
-drög, n. pl., = -dreif; 
-fall, n. hemorrhage.
blóðfalls-sótt, f. the bloody flux, dysentery.
blóð-flekkr, m. fleck or stain of blood; 
-fors, m. gush of blood; 
-fullr, a. full of blood.
blóðga (að), v. to make bloody, to smear with blood; refl., blóðgast, to become bloody.
blóð-kýll, m. blood-bag; fig., blood-sucker; 
- lauss, a. bloodless; 
- lát, n. (1) loss of blood; (2) blood-letting, bleeding;
- látinn, pp. (that has been) bled;
- lifr, f. clotted blood;
- ligr, a. bloody;
- lœkr, m. stream of blood;
- maðkr, m. maggot bred in putrefying blood;
- nætr, f. pl. 'blood-nights', in the prov., 'blóð-nætr eru hverjum bráðastar,' referring to the fierce

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desire to revenge a homicide newly committed; 
-ormr, m. poet. 'bloodserpent', sword; 
-rauðr, a. blood-red 
-rás, f. hemorrhage;
-refill, m. point of a sword; 
-reiðr, a. very wrathful (= dreyrrauðr af reiði); 
-reitr. m. field of blood; 
-rekinn, pp. stained with blood; 
-risa, a. indecl. bruised and bloody (blár ok blóðrisa); 
-segi or -sigi, m. clot of blood; 
-sjúkr, a. dysenteric.
blóðs-litr, m. colour of blood. 
blóð-sótt, f. dysentery; 
-spýga, f. spitting of blood.
Blóðs-teigr, m.= blóðreitr. 
blóð-stjarna, f. the bloody star, Venus; 
-stokkinn, pp. bespattered with blood; 
-storkinn, a. stiff with gore, gory; 
-straumr, m. stream of blood.
blóðs-úthelling, f. shedding of blood.
blóð-tjörn, f. pool of blood. 
blóðugr (acc. blóðgan), a. bloody. 
blóð-vaka, f. drawing of blood (svá hart, at -vaka yrði); cf. 'vekja e-m blóð'; 
-varmr. a. warm-blooded; 
-ær, f. a ewe fit for slaughter; 
-örn, m. 'blood eagle', in the phrase, rísta -örn á baki e-m, a cruel method of putting captured enemies to death in the heathen times; 
-øx, f. 'bloody axe', a nickname.
blóm, n. bloom, blossom, flower; fig., í œsku blómi, in the flower of youth.
blóma-kinn, f. 'red cheek', a nickname; 
-ligr, a. blooming, shining; 
-mikill, a. rich-blossoming. 
blómandi, pr. p. blooming, flourishing (b. grös).
blóma-samligr, a. = blómaligr. 
blóm-berandi, pr. p., -beranligr, a. bloom-bearing, flourishing. 
blómga (að), v. to fertilize; refl., blómgast, to blossom, bloom; fig., to thrive, flourish, prosper (réttir siðir skyldu b. fagrliga um norðrlönd); 
blómgaðr, pp. which has blossoms upon it; 
blómgan, f. the fact of blooming or flourishing; 
blómgandi, pr. p., blómganligr, a. blooming, flourishing.
blómi, m. -blóm; fig., standa (vera) með blóma, miklum blóma, to thrive, prosper, flourish; í blóma aldrs síns, in the flower of his age. 
blómstr (-rs), m. = blóm (allan akrsins b.).
blóra-maðr, m. a person to put the blame upon.
blót, n. (1) sacrifice, sacrificial feast or banquet (efna, efla b.); (2) idol worship in general; (3) idol, = blœti (öll b. braut hann niðr); (4) swearing, cursing.
blóta (blœt; blét, blétum; blótinn), v. (1) to worship, to worship with sacrifice, with acc. of that which is worshipped; b. hof, lund, fors, heiðit goð, álfa, heiðnar vættir, lifandi menn, to worship temple, grove, waterfall, &-c.; very rare with dat. (b. goðum); (2) to sacrifice, with dat. of the object sacrificed (b. mönnum ok fé); absol., b. til friðar, sigrs, langlífis, árs, byrjar, to make a sacrifice for peace, victory, long life, good season, fair wind.
blóta (að), v. (1) = blóta (blœt, &c.); (2) to curse, with dat.= 'banna'(bið þú fyr þeim, er þér blóta); absol., to swear; refl., blótast, to go about swearing.
blótan, f. (1) sacrificing; (2) cursing, swearing.
blót-auðigr, a. rich in sacrifices (-auðigt hof); 
-biskup, m. heathen priest; 
-bolli, m. sacrificial bowl; 
-dómr, m. idolatry; 
-drykkja, f. sacrificial feast; 
-fé, n. sacred or accursed goods.
-girni, f. inclination for idolatry; 
-goði, m. heathen sacrificing Priest; 
-gröf, f. sacrificial pit;
-guð, n. heathen god; 
-gyðja, f. heathen priestess; 
-haugr, m. sacrificial mound or cairn; 
-hof, n. heathen temple; 
-hús, n. heathen house of worship; 
-höfðingi, m. heathen chief; 
-hörgr, m. stone altar for sacrifice;
-kalfr, m. calf worshipped with sacrifices. 
-kennimaðr, m. heathen priest;
-klæði, n. pl. garments worn at sacrifices;
-kona, f. idolatress;
-koppr, m. = bolli;
-lundr, m. sacred grove, heathen

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